Shloka 10

Tila–Darbha–Maṇḍala in Aūrdhvadaihika: Protection, Eligibility, and the Merit of Salt-Dāna

Devanagari script

यातुधानाः पिशाचाश्च राक्षसाः क्रूरकर्मिणः / अलिप्ते आतुरं मुक्तं विशन्त्येते न संशयः

Transliteration

yātudhānāḥ piśācāśca rākṣasāḥ krūrakarmiṇaḥ / alipte āturaṃ muktaṃ viśantyete na saṃśayaḥ

Translation

യാതുധാനന്മാർ, പിശാചുകൾ, രാക്ഷസർ—ക്രൂരകർമ്മികൾ—ലേപസംരക്ഷണമില്ലാതെ രോഗിയെ വിട്ടാൽ അവർ തീർച്ചയായും അവനിൽ പ്രവേശിച്ച് പിടിച്ചെടുക്കും.

Word by Word

• यातुधानाः: yātudhānas (demons)
• यातुधानाः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यातुधान (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गम्, प्रथमा, बहुवचनम्

• पिशाचाः: piśācas (ghouls)
• पिशाचाः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पिशाच (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गम्, प्रथमा, बहुवचनम्

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय (and)

• राक्षसाः: rākṣasas (ogres)
• राक्षसाः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राक्षस (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गम्, प्रथमा, बहुवचनम्

• क्रूरकर्मिणः: of cruel deeds
• क्रूरकर्मिणः: Karta (Subject qualifier/कर्ता-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: क्रूर (प्रातिपदिक) + कर्मिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: कर्मधारयसमास: क्रूरं कर्म यस्य/क्रूरकर्मा; पुंलिङ्गम्, प्रथमा, बहुवचनम् (पूर्वोक्तानां विशेषणम्)

• अलिप्ते: when (it is) unsmeared
• अलिप्ते: Adhikarana (Locus condition/अधिकरण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अ + लिप् (धातु) + क्त (कृत् प्रत्यय)
• Form: नञ्-पूर्वक भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (not smeared), नपुंसकलिङ्गम्, सप्तमी, एकवचनम् (सप्तमी-स्थाने/अधिकरणे)

• आतुरम्: the afflicted person
• आतुरम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आतुर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गम्, द्वितीया, एकवचनम्

• मुक्तम्: freed/released
• मुक्तम्: Karma (Object qualifier/कर्म-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: मुच् (धातु) + क्त (कृत् प्रत्यय)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्गम्, द्वितीया, एकवचनम् (आतुरम् विशेषयति)

• विशन्ति: enter/attack
• विशन्ति: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: विश् (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present), परस्मैपदम्, प्रथमपुरुषः, बहुवचनम्; धातुः: विश् (प्रवेश)

• एते: these
• एते: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: एतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गम्, प्रथमा, बहुवचनम्

• न: not
• न: Sambandha (Negation/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेध (negation particle)

• संशयः: doubt
• संशयः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: संशय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गम्, प्रथमा, एकवचनम् (वाक्ये ‘न संशयः’)

Speaker

Lord Vishnu (narrating to Garuda/Vinata-putra)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Raksha through dharmic procedure: omission of prescribed safeguards invites harm (seen as bhuta/graha intrusion) especially to the weak/afflicted.

Vedantic Theme: Adharma/neglect increases tamas and vulnerability; disciplined observance supports sattva and protection.

Application: Do not leave an ill person in ritually impure/unsafeguarded space; establish protective measures (clean ground, mandala, darbha, mantra) as per tradition.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: bhayanaka

Secondary Rasa: raudra

Geographic Context

Type: liminal_space

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana passages on bhuta-preta-pishacha afflictions, protective rites, and purity requirements around the sick and dying

Characters & Entities

• Yatudhanas
• Pishachas
• Rakshasas

FAQs

What is the importance of protection from pishachas and rakshasas in the Garuda Purana?

This verse states that cruel, harmful entities can enter or afflict a person who is left unprotected, implying the necessity of prescribed safeguards (rakṣā) and proper rites in vulnerable conditions.

How does this verse explain the path of the soul after death?

Within the Preta Kanda context, it highlights a vulnerable state where the distressed being may be troubled by hostile forces if proper protections and rites are neglected, affecting peace in the transitional (preta) phase.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Maintain disciplined protective practices—ethical living, prayer/mantra, and respectful observance of traditional rites for the departed—so fear and disorder do not arise during times of illness, death, and mourning.