Shloka 63

Sapindīkaraṇa: Timing, Eligibility, Gotra Rules, and Yearlong Śrāddha

with Vṛṣotsarga and Ghaṭa-dāna

Devanagari script

सर्वमेतद्धि कथितं मया तव खगेश्वर / विशेषं कथयिष्यामि मृतस्यैव सुखप्रदम्

Transliteration

sarvametaddhi kathitaṃ mayā tava khageśvara / viśeṣaṃ kathayiṣyāmi mṛtasyaiva sukhapradam

Translation

ഹേ ഖഗേശ്വരാ! ഇതെല്ലാം ഞാൻ നിന്നോട് പറഞ്ഞു; ഇനി മരിച്ചവന് പ്രത്യേകമായി ആശ്വാസവും ഗുണവും നൽകുന്ന വിശേഷ ഉപദേശം ഞാൻ വിശദീകരിക്കും।

Word by Word

• sarvam: all
• sarvam: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sarva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन (Neuter singular; here as nominative predicate ‘all this’)

• etat: this
• etat: Karma (Apposition/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: etad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; (Neuter singular; ‘this’)

• hi: indeed
• hi: Sambandha (Particle/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: hi (अव्यय)
• Form: हेतौ/निश्चयार्थक निपात (particle ‘indeed/for’)

• kathitam: has been told
• kathitam: Kriya (Predicate/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: kathita (कृदन्त, क्त-प्रत्यय; √kath)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त; (past passive participle ‘told/said’)

• mayā: by me
• mayā: Kartr (Agent in passive/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: उत्तमपुरुष-सर्वनाम; तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन (Instrumental singular ‘by me’)

• tava: to you/for you
• tava: Sampradana (Beneficiary/सम्प्रदान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yusmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-विभक्ति, एकवचन (Genitive singular ‘of/for you’)

• khaga-īśvara: O lord of birds
• khaga-īśvara: Sambodhana (Address/सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: khaga (प्रातिपदिक) + īśvara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास; पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन-विभक्ति, एकवचन (Masculine, Vocative singular)

• viśeṣam: a special (point)
• viśeṣam: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: viśeṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन (Masculine, Accusative singular)

• kathayiṣyāmi: I will explain
• kathayiṣyāmi: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: kathaya (णिच् causative of √kath) (धातु)
• Form: लृट्-लकार, उत्तमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद (Simple future, 1st person singular)

• mṛtasya: of the dead (person)
• mṛtasya: Sambandha (Genitive relation/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mṛta (कृदन्त, क्त-प्रत्यय)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति, एकवचन (Masculine, Genitive singular; ‘of the dead person’)

• eva: indeed
• eva: Sambandha (Particle/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: eva (अव्यय)
• Form: अवधारणार्थक अव्यय (emphatic ‘indeed/only’)

• sukha-pradam: giving happiness/beneficial
• sukha-pradam: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sukha (प्रातिपदिक) + prada (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक from √dā with pra-)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास; नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; (Neuter, Accusative singular; qualifies ‘viśeṣam’)

Speaker

Lord Vishnu

Pretakalpa Layer

Afterlife Stage: Yamaloka Journey

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: A transition to viśeṣa-upadeśa specifically ‘sukhapradam’ for the deceased—implying targeted rites/knowledge for posthumous welfare.

Vedantic Theme: Compassionate instruction (upadeśa) as a means to reduce duḥkha; dharma as support for beings beyond death.

Application: Attend to specialized funeral/ancestral prescriptions appropriate to the deceased’s condition; seek precise guidance rather than generic practice.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: adbhuta

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 2.26.64+ (implied continuation: special instructions for the dead); Garuda Purana Pretakalpa: detailed post-death rites and states

Characters & Entities

• Garuda

FAQs

What is the importance of the “special teaching” mentioned in this Garuda Purana verse?

This verse signals a transition from general explanation to specific instructions intended to be सुखप्रदम्—comforting and beneficial—for the departed, implying practical, rite-linked guidance in the Preta Kanda context.

How does this verse explain the path of the soul after death?

It frames the narrative as moving toward details that directly affect the post-death condition of the मृत (departed), preparing the listener for targeted teachings connected to the preta state and its alleviation.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Approach death-related duties with seriousness and compassion—seek and follow authentic guidance for śrāddha/antyeṣṭi-related observances, since the text emphasizes actions meant to bring benefit to the departed.