Shloka 1
The Preta’s Staged Journey to Yama’s City: Monthly Śrāddha Supports, Vaitaraṇī Crossing, and the Witnesses of Deeds
यमलोकविस्तारतन्माहात्म्यतद्याननिरूपणं नाम पञ्चदशो ऽध्यायः श्रीभगवानुवाच / एवं विलपतस्तस्य प्रेतस्यैवं खगेश्वर / क्रन्दमानस्य नितरां पीडितस्य च किङ्करैः
yamalokavistāratanmāhātmyatadyānanirūpaṇaṃ nāma pañcadaśo 'dhyāyaḥ śrībhagavānuvāca / evaṃ vilapatastasya pretasyaivaṃ khageśvara / krandamānasya nitarāṃ pīḍitasya ca kiṅkaraiḥ
പതിനഞ്ചാം അധ്യായം ‘യമലോകത്തിന്റെ വ്യാപ്തി, അതിന്റെ മഹാത്മ്യം, അവിടേക്കുള്ള യാത്രയുടെ വിവരണം’ എന്ന പേരിലാണ്. ശ്രീഭഗവാൻ അരുളിച്ചെയ്തു—ഹേ ഖഗേശ്വരാ! ആ പ്രേതൻ ഇങ്ങനെ വിലപിച്ചു, ഉച്ചത്തിൽ കരഞ്ഞു, യമകിങ്കരന്മാർ അത്യന്തം പീഡിപ്പിക്കുമ്പോൾ…
Lord Vishnu (Śrī Bhagavān) speaking to Garuda (Khageśvara/Vinatā-putra)
Afterlife Stage: Yamaloka Journey
Concept: The preta’s suffering and being driven by Yama’s attendants signals karmic accountability after death.
Vedantic Theme: Karma-phala and saṃsāra: embodied attachments culminate in post-mortem consequences; the jīva undergoes experiences shaped by prior actions.
Application: Cultivate ethical conduct and remembrance of Hari; prepare for death through right living and detachment from transient relations and possessions.
Primary Rasa: karuna
Secondary Rasa: bhayanaka
Type: cosmic realm/city-domain (to be detailed in chapter)
Related Themes: Garuda Purana Pretakalpa: Yama-dūta/kinkara descriptions and the preta’s lament (general motif across journey-to-Yama sections); Garuda Purana: subsequent verses in this chapter detailing the route, city, and stations of the preta
FAQs
This verse introduces a dedicated chapter that frames the after-death narrative—how the preta is carried/compelled onward and why Yama’s realm is described—so readers understand karmic consequence and the need for dharmic living and proper rites.
It depicts the preta in a transitional state—lamenting and wailing—while being driven and afflicted by Yama’s attendants, indicating the compelled movement toward Yama’s domain as part of post-mortem judgment and experience.
Live with restraint and dharma to reduce harmful karmic outcomes, and support traditional śrāddha/antyeṣṭi duties for the departed so the transition is approached with responsibility and remembrance.