Shloka 32

Ahaṅkāra-Tripartition and the Rise of Indriyas, Devatās, and Cosmic Administrators

Devanagari script

दश रुद्रा इति प्रोक्ताः षडादित्याञ्छृणु द्विज / उरुक्रमस्तथा शक्रो विवस्वान्वरुणस्तथा

Transliteration

daśa rudrā iti proktāḥ ṣaḍādityāñchṛṇu dvija / urukramastathā śakro vivasvānvaruṇastathā

Translation

ഇങ്ങനെ പത്ത് രുദ്രന്മാർ പ്രസ്താവിച്ചു. ഇനി ഹേ ദ്വിജാ, ഷഡാദിത്യരെ ശ്രവിക്കൂ—ഉരുക്രമൻ, ശക്രൻ, വിവസ്വാൻ, വരുണൻ।

Word by Word

• दश: ten
• दश: Visheshana (विशेषण/qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दशन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: संख्यावाचक-विशेषण; प्रथमा (Nom./1st), बहुवचन (Plural) — रुद्राः इत्यस्य विशेषणम्

• रुद्राः: Rudras
• रुद्राः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रुद्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (Nom./1st), बहुवचन

• इति: thus
• इति: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/quotative)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इति (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; उद्धरण/समाप्तिसूचक (quotative: 'thus')

• प्रोक्ताः: are declared
• प्रोक्ताः: Kriya (क्रिया/predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र + वच् (धातु)
• Form: कृदन्त (past passive participle/क्त), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (Nom./1st), बहुवचन; कर्मणि प्रयोगः—'have been said/declared'

• षट्: six
• षट्: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: षष् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: संख्यावाचक-विशेषण; प्रथमा (Nom./1st), बहुवचन — आदित्याः इत्यस्य विशेषणम्

• आदित्यान्: Ādityas
• आदित्यान्: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आदित्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), बहुवचन

• शृणु: hear
• शृणु: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: श्रु (धातु)
• Form: लोट्-लकार (Imperative), मध्यम-पुरुष (2nd person), एकवचन (Singular), परस्मैपद

• द्विज: O twice-born (brahmin)
• द्विज: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/Address)
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्विज (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (Vocative), एकवचन

• उरुक्रमः: Urukrama (a name of Viṣṇu/Āditya)
• उरुक्रमः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: उरु + क्रम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (Nom./1st), एकवचन; समासः कर्मधारयः (उरुः क्रमः यस्य/उरु-क्रमः)

• तथा: also
• तथा: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चय/क्रमसूचक (also/and)

• शक्रः: Śakra (Indra)
• शक्रः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शक्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (Nom./1st), एकवचन

• विवस्वान्: Vivasvān (Sun)
• विवस्वान्: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विवस्वत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (Nom./1st), एकवचन; विवस्वत्-शब्दः

• वरुणः: Varuṇa
• वरुणः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वरुण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (Nom./1st), एकवचन

• तथा: also
• तथा: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चय (also)

Speaker

Lord Vishnu (in dialogue with Garuda/Vinata-putra)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Interlinked devatā-taxonomies: Rudras and Ādityas as ordered manifestations within cosmic governance.

Vedantic Theme: Vibhūti-bhāva: the Supreme’s powers expressed through deities governing natural and moral order (ṛta/dharma).

Application: Study as a structured cosmology lesson; use the transition as a cue for segmented memorization (Rudra-set, then Āditya-set).

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Geographic Context

Type: celestial domain

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 3.5.29 (preceding name-list context); Garuda Purana 3.5.30-31 (Rudras); Garuda Purana 3.5.33 (continuation into Parjanya etc.)

Characters & Entities

• Rudras
• Adityas
• Urukrama
• Shakra (Indra)
• Vivasvan (Surya)
• Varuna

FAQs

What is the importance of listing Rudras and Adityas in the Garuda Purana?

This verse functions as a doctrinal catalogue: it organizes divine classes (Rudras and Ādityas) to frame a Purāṇic cosmology and establish authoritative names used in ritual, recitation, and theological interpretation.

How does this verse explain the path of the soul?

Indirectly: by naming cosmic deities (like Sūrya/Vivasvān and Varuṇa), it situates the soul’s moral and ritual life within a divinely ordered universe—an underlying premise for later teachings on karma, death rites, and post-death worlds.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Use the verse as a reference for correct deity-names in study, chanting, and śrāddha-related recitations, and as a reminder that dharma is aligned with a larger cosmic order (ṛta) upheld by such deities.