Shloka 3

Kāraṇānvēṣaṇam: The 32 Marks of Hari, Defects (Doṣas), Death-Omens, and Hari’s Omnipresence in Social & Household Life

यथा रुद्राद्या लक्षणैर्वै प्रपूर्णा रुद्रादिल्लक्ष्मणा चैव पूर्णा / गुणेनैवं धर्मतः किञ्चिदेव तथानुसंधानाद्व्रियते नाम चापि

yathā rudrādyā lakṣaṇairvai prapūrṇā rudrādillakṣmaṇā caiva pūrṇā / guṇenaivaṃ dharmataḥ kiñcideva tathānusaṃdhānādvriyate nāma cāpi

രുദ്രാദി ദേവന്മാർ തങ്ങളുടെ തങ്ങളുടെ ലക്ഷണങ്ങളാൽ പരിപൂർണ്ണരായിരിക്കുന്നതുപോലെ, രുദ്രാദി-ലക്ഷണങ്ങളാലും പൂർണ്ണരെന്ന് പറയപ്പെടുന്നു. അതുപോലെ ഗുണത്താലും ധർമ്മത്താലും ഒരാളുടെ സ്വരൂപം ചില അംശത്തിൽ നിർണ്ണയിക്കപ്പെടുന്നു; നിരന്തരമായ അനുശോധന/അനുസന്ധാനത്തിലൂടെ ‘നാമം’ എന്ന തിരിച്ചറിയലും അറിയപ്പെടുന്നു।

yathājust as
yathā:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Comparison)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootyathā (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya (comparative adverb)
rudra-ādyāḥRudra and others
rudra-ādyāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootrudra (प्रातिपदिक) + ādi (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural; ‘Rudra and others’
lakṣaṇaiḥwith characteristics
lakṣaṇaiḥ:
Karana (करण/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootlakṣaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Plural
vaiindeed
vai:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Emphasis)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootvai (अव्यय)
FormNipāta (emphatic particle)
pra-pūrṇāḥfully complete
pra-pūrṇāḥ:
Pratijñā (प्रतिज्ञा/Predicate adjective)
TypeAdjective
Rootpra (उपसर्ग) + pūrṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural; predicate adjective ‘completely full’
rudra-ādiḥRudra and the rest
rudra-ādiḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootrudra (प्रातिपदिक) + ādi (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular; ‘Rudra etc.’ (collective)
lakṣmaṇāwith Lakṣmaṇā
lakṣmaṇā:
Karana (करण/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootlakṣmaṇā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular; ‘by/with Lakṣmaṇā’ (as transmitted)
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Conjunction)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormSamucchaya-nipāta (conjunction)
evaindeed
eva:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Emphasis)
TypeIndeclinable
Rooteva (अव्यय)
FormAvadhāraṇa-nipāta (restrictive particle)
pūrṇācomplete
pūrṇā:
Pratijñā (प्रतिज्ञा/Predicate adjective)
TypeAdjective
Rootpūrṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; predicate adjective
guṇenaby quality
guṇena:
Karana (करण/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootguṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular
evamthus
evam:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootevam (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya (adverb)
dharmataḥaccording to dharma
dharmataḥ:
Hetu (हेतु/Reason-basis)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootdharma (प्रातिपदिक)
FormTasil-avyaya (तसिल्), ablatival adverb ‘from/according to dharma’
kiñcitsomewhat
kiñcit:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootkiñcit (अव्यय/सर्वनाम)
FormIndefinite particle/pronoun used adverbially ‘somewhat’
evaindeed
eva:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Emphasis)
TypeIndeclinable
Rooteva (अव्यय)
FormAvadhāraṇa-nipāta
tathāthus/accordingly
tathā:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottathā (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya (adverb)
anusaṃdhānātfrom investigation
anusaṃdhānāt:
Hetu (हेतु/Cause)
TypeNoun
Rootanusaṃdhāna (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Ablative (5th/पञ्चमी), Singular; ‘from/through investigation/consideration’
vriyateis chosen
vriyate:
Kriyā (क्रिया/Verbal predicate)
TypeVerb
Root√vṛ (धातु)
FormLaṭ (Present/लट्), 3rd person, Singular, Ātmanepada; passive/mediopassive sense ‘is chosen/selected’
nāmaname
nāma:
Karma (कर्म/Object/predicate)
TypeNoun
Rootnāma (प्रातिपदिक/अव्यय)
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular; ‘name’ (as transmitted)
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Conjunction)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormSamucchaya-nipāta
apialso
api:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootapi (अव्यय)
FormNipāta (particle) ‘also’

Lord Vishnu (speaking to Garuda/Vinata-putra)

Concept: Lakṣaṇas (signs) reveal identity; guṇa and dharma partially determine a being’s recognized nature, and sustained inquiry clarifies even ‘name’ (nāma/identity).

Vedantic Theme: Pramāṇa through lakṣaṇa and vicāra; nāma-rūpa discerned via guṇa/karma; movement toward viveka (discrimination).

Application: Practice careful observation and reflection before labeling people/situations; let ‘names’ (judgments) follow evidence of qualities and conduct over time.

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 3.22: transition from mythic exemplars to methodological ‘heṭu-nirūpaṇa’ (inquiry into causes/grounds)

R
Rudra

FAQs

This verse uses the example of Rudra’s recognizable signs to show that beings and principles are known through defining characteristics; similarly, dharma and qualities help identify a person’s nature and role.

It implies that the soul’s recognized identity and trajectory are shaped by guṇas and dharma, and that deeper understanding arises through anusaṃdhāna—sustained reflection and discernment of one’s true nature.

Cultivate sattvic qualities and live by dharma, and regularly practice self-inquiry; over time, your actions and inner disposition clarify your true identity and purpose.