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Shloka 30

Kāraṇa-vyākhyā: Cosmic Agents, Rudra-Forms, Sense-Purity, and Ānanda-Tāratamya

Devanagari script

गरुड उवाच / रोदनं कुरुते कस्मादुरुसंज्ञो हरे हरः / रुदमुर्वरितं कस्मात्कुरुते और्वाकारकः

Transliteration

garuḍa uvāca / rodanaṃ kurute kasmādurusaṃjño hare haraḥ / rudamurvaritaṃ kasmātkurute aurvākārakaḥ

Translation

ഗരുഡൻ പറഞ്ഞു: ഹേ ഹരീ, 'ഉരു' എന്ന പേരുള്ള ഹരൻ എന്തിനാണ് കരയുന്നത്? 'ഔർവൻ' എന്ന് വിളിക്കപ്പെടുന്നവൻ വിറയലോടെ 'രുദ' എന്ന ശബ്ദത്തിൽ കരയിക്കുന്നത് എന്തിനാണ്?

Word by Word
गरुडःGaruḍa
गरुडः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootगरुड (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (1st/Nominative), एकवचन
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
Kriya (क्रिया/Verbal action)
TypeVerb
Rootवच् (धातु)
Formलिट्-लकार (Perfect), प्रथम-पुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद
रोदनम्weeping, crying
रोदनम्:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootरोदन (प्रातिपदिक; √रुद्-धातोः भाववाचक-नाम)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन
कुरुतेdoes, performs
कुरुते:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootकृ (धातु)
Formलट्-लकार (Present), प्रथम-पुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; आत्मनेपद
कस्मात्from what? why?
कस्मात्:
Hetu/Apadana (हेतु/अपादान)
TypeNoun
Rootकिम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुं/नपुंसक, पञ्चमी-विभक्ति (5th/Ablative), एकवचन; प्रश्नवाचक
उरु-संज्ञःhaving the name ‘Uru’ / called ‘Uru’
उरु-संज्ञः:
Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootउरु (प्रातिपदिक) + संज्ञ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; षष्ठी/कर्मधारय-प्रायः तत्पुरुषः—‘उरु’ इति विशेषणेन ‘संज्ञ’
हरेO Hari
हरे:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/Address)
TypeNoun
Rootहरि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन-विभक्ति (Vocative), एकवचन
हरःHara (Śiva)
हरः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootहर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन
रुदम्crying, lament
रुदम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootरुद (प्रातिपदिक; √रुद्-धातोः नाम)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन
उर्वरितम्(unclear) ‘urvarita’-type/so-termed
उर्वरितम्:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootउर्वरित (प्रातिपदिक; अनिश्चित-रूप, सम्भवतः ‘उर्वर’/‘उर्वरित’ इति)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; ‘रुदम्’ इत्यस्य विशेषणम्
कस्मात्from what? why?
कस्मात्:
Hetu/Apadana (हेतु/अपादान)
TypeNoun
Rootकिम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुं/नपुंसक, पञ्चमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन; प्रश्नवाचक
कुरुतेdoes, performs
कुरुते:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootकृ (धातु)
Formलट्-लकार, प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन; आत्मनेपद
और्व-आकारकःone who has/produces the ‘aurva’ form/sound
और्व-आकारकः:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootऔर्व (प्रातिपदिक) + आकारक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः—‘और्वः आकारः यस्य/येन’ इति
Speaker

Garuḍa (Vinātā-putra)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Hermeneutic inquiry: asking ‘why’ about divine epithets (Uru, Aurva; ruda/rodana) is a legitimate path to understanding deity-function and cosmic causality.

Vedantic Theme: Śravaṇa–manana: knowledge arises through questioning and reflection; names are upādhis pointing toward deeper reality.

Application: Cultivate disciplined questioning in spiritual study; do not accept terms mechanically—seek meaning, context, and ethical implication.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: adbhuta

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 3.18.26-29 (context for Garuḍa’s questions on Aghora/Sadyojāta/Uru/Aurva)

Characters & Entities
G
Garuḍa
H
Hari (Vishnu)
H
Hara (Shiva)

FAQs

This verse frames lamentation as a specific phenomenon to be explained in the death-and-afterlife narrative—prompting Vishnu to clarify why distress, crying, and agitation arise around the transition to the preta condition.

By asking why crying and trembling occur, Garuḍa signals that the soul’s passage is accompanied by fear, confusion, and subtle-body agitation—topics that the Garuda Purana typically connects to karma, separation from the body, and the post-death journey.

Cultivate steadiness through dharma, remembrance of the Divine, and timely rites for the departed—so fear and agitation at death are reduced and the transition is supported by right conduct and family observances.

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