Shloka 17

Devotpatti-nirūpaṇa — Hari’s Pūrṇatva

Completeness) and the Ritual Doctrine of Sāra (Essence

Devanagari script

वक्ष्ये विशेषं वैश्वदेवे खगेन्द्र गोप्यं नो वदान्यत्र विद्वान् / सूर्यादीनां ये च दाने च दद्युर्विना वायोरन्तरस्थं हरिं च

Transliteration

vakṣye viśeṣaṃ vaiśvadeve khagendra gopyaṃ no vadānyatra vidvān / sūryādīnāṃ ye ca dāne ca dadyurvinā vāyorantarasthaṃ hariṃ ca

Translation

ഹേ ഖഗേന്ദ്രാ, വൈശ്വദേവത്തെക്കുറിച്ചുള്ള പ്രത്യേകവിധി ഞാൻ പറയും; ഇത് ഗോപ്യം—പണ്ഡിതനായാലും മറ്റിടത്ത് പറയരുത്. സൂര്യാദി ദേവന്മാർക്ക് ദാനം നൽകുമ്പോൾ വായുവിനെ ഒഴിവാക്കരുത്; അകത്ത് വസിക്കുന്ന അന്തര്യാമിയായ ഹരി (വിഷ്ണു)യെയും വിട്ടുകളയരുത്.

Word by Word

• वक्ष्ये: I shall tell
• वक्ष्ये: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच् (धातु)
• Form: लृट्-लकार (Simple Future), उत्तम-पुरुष, एकवचन; आत्मनेपद

• विशेषम्: a special detail
• विशेषम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विशेष (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• वैश्वदेवे: in/with regard to Vaiśvadeva
• वैश्वदेवे: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वैश्वदेव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (अधिकरण), एकवचन

• खगेन्द्र: O lord of birds (Garuḍa)
• खगेन्द्र: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: खग-इन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन-विभक्ति, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष (खगानाम् इन्द्रः)

• गोप्यम्: secret
• गोप्यम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: गोप्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषण

• न: not
• न: Nishedha (निषेध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेध-अव्यय (not)

• वद: tell/say
• वद: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वद् (धातु)
• Form: लोट्-लकार (Imperative), मध्यम-पुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• अन्यत्र: elsewhere/to anyone else
• अन्यत्र: Desha/Visaya (देश/विषय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अन्यत्र (अव्यय)
• Form: देश/विषयवाचक अव्यय (elsewhere/to others)

• विद्वान्: the learned (one)
• विद्वान्: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विद्वस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; वर्तमान-विशेषणार्थे (learned one)

• सूर्यादीनाम्: of Sūrya and others
• सूर्यादीनाम्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सूर्य-आदि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; तत्पुरुष (सूर्यः आदिः येषाम्)

• ये: who
• ये: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन (relative pronoun)

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (and)

• दाने: in giving/at the time of donation
• दाने: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दान (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (अधिकरण), एकवचन

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (and)

• दद्युः: should give
• दद्युः: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: दा (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative), प्रथम-पुरुष, बहुवचन; परस्मैपद

• विना: without
• विना: Apadana (अपादान)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: विना (अव्यय)
• Form: अपादानार्थक अव्यय/उपपद (without)

• वायोः: (apart) from Vāyu
• वायोः: Apadana (अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वायु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी/पञ्चमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन; उपपद ‘विना’ योगे पञ्चमी-अर्थः (ablative sense)

• अन्तरस्थम्: dwelling within
• अन्तरस्थम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अन्तर-स्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष (अन्तरे स्थितः)

• हरिम्: Hari (Viṣṇu)
• हरिम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हरि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (and)

Speaker

Lord Vishnu

Shraddha Ritual

Timing: Daily (as part of Vaiśvadeva/household offerings)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Ritual giving to devas is incomplete without honoring Vāyu and Hari as the indwelling Lord (antaryāmin) who pervades the offering and recipients.

Vedantic Theme: Antaryāmin-brahman: the One within all devas and beings; ritual plurality grounded in nondual inner sovereignty.

Application: When performing offerings/prayers, remember the inner Lord behind all forms; include breath-awareness (Vāyu) and Viṣṇu-smaraṇa to unify practice.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: adbhuta

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Geographic Context

Type: ritual setting (gṛhya/altar)

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 3.14.16 (Vaiśvadeva context); Garuda Purana 3.14.18 (Vishnu as sole mahātman and enjoyer)

Characters & Entities

• Garuda
• Suryā (Surya)
• Devas
• Vāyu
• Hari (Vishnu)

FAQs

What is the importance of Vaiśvadeva in the Garuda Purana?

This verse frames Vaiśvadeva as a precise, rule-bound offering connected to dharma and merit, stressing that the rite must include key divine principles—especially Vāyu and the indwelling Hari—rather than being performed as a generic donation.

How does this verse relate to the soul’s journey after death in the Garuda Purana?

In the Preta Kanda context, correct dāna and offerings support the departed’s welfare; the verse emphasizes completeness of the rite—honoring cosmic deities and the Antaryāmin (Hari within)—as part of the dharmic framework that sustains post-death transitions.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

When performing charity or ritual offerings (especially śrāddha-related), do it with clarity and completeness: remember life-breath (Vāyu) and inner divinity (Hari) alongside external deities, and avoid turning sacred observances into casual or performative acts.