Shloka 7

Jñāna-hetu-nirūpaṇa

On the Causes/Means of Knowledge

हरेः स्वरूपं न विजानाति सर्वं स्वयो ग्यरूपं सर्वदा वेत्ति विष्णोः / तत्राज्ञानं नास्ति किञ्चिद्द्विजेन्द्र यावत्स्वरूपं च तथैव लक्ष्म्याः

hareḥ svarūpaṃ na vijānāti sarvaṃ svayo gyarūpaṃ sarvadā vetti viṣṇoḥ / tatrājñānaṃ nāsti kiñciddvijendra yāvatsvarūpaṃ ca tathaiva lakṣmyāḥ

ഹരിയുടെ പരമ സ്വരൂപം ആരും പൂർണ്ണമായി അറിയുന്നില്ല; ഓരോ ജീവിയും തന്റെ യോഗ്യതയ്ക്ക് അനുയോജ്യമായ വിഷ്ണുരൂപം മാത്രമേ എപ്പോഴും അറിയൂ. ഹേ ദ്വിജേന്ദ്ര, ഇതിൽ അല്പവും അജ്ഞാനം ഇല്ല—ലക്ഷ്മിയുടെ യഥാർത്ഥ സ്വരൂപത്തിലും അതുപോലെ തന്നെയാണ്।

hareḥof Hari
hareḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/possessor)
TypeNoun
Roothari (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुल्लिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/षष्ठी), एकवचन
svarūpamtrue form
svarūpam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootsvarūpa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन
nanot
na:
Pratiṣedha (प्रतिषेध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (negation)
vijānātiknows clearly
vijānāti:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootvi + jñā (धातु)
Formलट् (present), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन
sarvameverything/entirely
sarvam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootsarva (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन; क्रियाविशेषणार्थे ‘entirely’
sva-yogya-rūpamhis own appropriate form
sva-yogya-rūpam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootsva (प्रातिपदिक) + yogya (प्रातिपदिक) + rūpa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुषसमास (determinative): ‘form according to one’s own fitness’; नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
sarvadāalways
sarvadā:
Kāla-adhikaraṇa (कालाधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootsarvadā (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (adverb)
vettiknows
vetti:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootvid (धातु)
Formलट् (present), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन
viṣṇoḥof Vishnu
viṣṇoḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/possessor)
TypeNoun
Rootviṣṇu (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुल्लिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/षष्ठी), एकवचन
tatrathere/in that matter
tatra:
Deśa-adhikaraṇa (देशाधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottatra (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (adverb: place/occasion)
ajñānamignorance
ajñānam:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootajñāna (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन
nanot
na:
Pratiṣedha (प्रतिषेध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (negation)
astiis/exists
asti:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootas (धातु)
Formलट् (present), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन
kiñcitanything at all
kiñcit:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootkiñcit (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन; अव्ययवत् ‘at all’
dvija-indraO best of Brahmins
dvija-indra:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootdvija (प्रातिपदिक) + indra (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुषसमास: ‘king among twice-born’; पुल्लिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (8th/सम्बोधन), एकवचन
yāvatas far as/as much as
yāvat:
Parimāṇa (परिमाण/limit)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootyāvat (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (correlative: ‘as far as/so long as’)
svarūpamtrue form
svarūpam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootsvarūpa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन (context: object/extent)
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (conjunction)
tathālikewise
tathā:
Prakāra (प्रकार)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottathā (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (adverb)
evaindeed/just
eva:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/emphasis)
TypeIndeclinable
Rooteva (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (emphatic particle)
lakṣmyāḥof Lakshmi
lakṣmyāḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/possessor)
TypeNoun
Rootlakṣmī (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/षष्ठी), एकवचन

Lord Vishnu (speaking to Garuda/Vinata-putra)

Concept: No finite knower grasps Hari’s totality; each knows the aspect suited to their adhikāra. Such partial knowing is not culpable ignorance; Lakṣmī too is known in this graded way.

Vedantic Theme: Adhikāra-bheda in revelation; aparokṣa/anubhava is graded; the Infinite cannot be objectified by the finite—yet true knowledge is ‘rightly proportioned’ knowledge.

Application: Stop equating ‘not knowing everything’ with failure; seek right understanding for one’s stage; honor multiple valid devotional/insightful perspectives without relativism.

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 3.12.3 (not overstepping fitness); Garuda Purana 3.12.6 (seers’ limits)

H
Hari
V
Vishnu
L
Lakshmi
D
Dvijendra

FAQs

This verse teaches that devotees perceive and understand Viṣṇu in a way aligned with their spiritual capacity, validating graded realization without calling it ignorance.

It states that no one grasps Hari’s fullness, yet each knows an appropriate aspect of Viṣṇu; therefore diverse devotional experiences can be authentic within one’s eligibility.

Practice steady devotion and study without comparing realizations—focus on sincere sādhana so your understanding of Viṣṇu naturally deepens over time.