Shloka 18

Names of Priyavrata’s Sons; Division of the Seven Continents; Sapta-dvīpa and Meru Description; Nābhi–Ṛṣabha–Bharata Lineage

Devanagari script

त्वष्टा त्वष्टुश्च विरजा रजस्तस्याप्यभूत्सुतः / शतजिद्रजसस्तस्य विष्वग्ज्योतिः सुतः स्मृतः

Transliteration

tvaṣṭā tvaṣṭuśca virajā rajastasyāpyabhūtsutaḥ / śatajidrajasastasya viṣvagjyotiḥ sutaḥ smṛtaḥ

Translation

ത്വഷ്ടാവിൽ നിന്നു വിരജൻ ജനിച്ചു; വിരജനിൽ നിന്നു രജസ് ജനിച്ചു. രജസിൽ നിന്നു ശതജിത് ജനിച്ചു; ശതജിത്തിന്റെ പുത്രൻ വിഷ്വഗ്ജ്യോതി എന്നു സ്മരിക്കപ്പെടുന്നു.

Word by Word

• त्वष्टा: Tvaṣṭā (proper name)
• त्वष्टा: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: त्वष्टृ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन (ऋ-प्रातिपदिक; प्रथमा ‘त्वष्टा’)

• त्वष्टुः: of Tvaṣṭā
• त्वष्टुः: Sambandha (Genitive/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: त्वष्टृ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति, एकवचन (genitive of त्वष्टृ)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha/Connector (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक-अव्यय (conjunction)

• विरजा: Virajā (proper name)
• विरजा: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विरजा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• रजः: Rajas (proper name)
• रजः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रजस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन (सकारान्त)

• तस्य: of him
• तस्य: Sambandha (Genitive/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति, एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• अपि: also
• अपि: Modifier (विशेषण-भाव)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चय/अप्यर्थक (also)

• अभूत्: was/became
• अभूत्: Kriya (Predicate/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू (धातु)
• Form: लङ्-लकार, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• सुतः: son
• सुतः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• शतजित्: Śatajit (proper name)
• शतजित्: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शतजित् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; समासः—शत + जित् (उपपद-तत्पुरुष/‘शतं जयति’ = conqueror of a hundred)

• रजसः: of Rajas
• रजसः: Sambandha (Genitive/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रजस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• तस्य: of him
• तस्य: Sambandha (Genitive/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति, एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• विष्वग्ज्योतिः: Viṣvagjyotiḥ (proper name)
• विष्वग्ज्योतिः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विष्वक् (अव्यय/प्रातिपदिक) + ज्योतिस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; समासः—विष्वक् + ज्योतिः (कर्मधारय/‘विष्वक्-ज्योतिः’ = all-pervading light)

• सुतः: son
• सुतः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• स्मृतः: is said/remembered (as)
• स्मृतः: Kriya (Predicate/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: स्मृ (धातु) + त (कृत् प्रत्यय)
• Form: कृदन्त (भूतकर्मणि/कर्मणि प्रयोगे), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

Speaker

Suta/Narrator (Garuda Purana narration within the Brahma Kanda; not a direct Vishnu–Garuda instruction verse)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Names encode cosmological symbolism: creation/craft (Tvaṣṭā), purity (Virajā), dynamism (Rajas), victory (Śatajit), all-pervading light (Viṣvagjyoti).

Vedantic Theme: Guṇa-symbolism (rajas) and light imagery suggest the play of prakṛti and consciousness; not explicit Advaita, but cosmological semiotics.

Application: Contemplate symbolic meanings in Purāṇic names to deepen understanding of cosmology and ethical psychology (guṇa-awareness).

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: adbhuta

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.55 (cosmography follows; this verse’s luminous names foreshadow world-description)

Characters & Entities

• Tvaṣṭā
• Virajā
• Rajas
• Śatajit
• Viṣvagjyoti

FAQs

What is the importance of genealogy lists in the Garuda Purana?

They preserve cosmological lineages—how beings and personified principles are said to arise—supporting the Purana’s broader map of creation and sacred history.

How does this verse explain the path of the soul?

This specific verse does not describe the soul’s post-death journey; it functions as a lineage record within the creation/genealogy section of the Brahma Kanda.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Use it as a reference for Purāṇic cosmology and names encountered in rituals, readings, or commentaries—helpful for contextual understanding rather than direct ritual instruction.