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Shloka 23

Cikitsā-sāra: Doṣa Nidāna–Lakṣaṇa, Agni, Ajīrṇa/Āma Cikitsā, Daśamūla, and Prognostic Signs

Devanagari script

शीतोष्णं लवणं वीर्यमथ वा शक्तिरिष्यते / रसानां द्विविधः पाको कटुरेव च

Transliteration

śītoṣṇaṃ lavaṇaṃ vīryamatha vā śaktiriṣyate / rasānāṃ dvividhaḥ pāko kaṭureva ca

Translation

വീര്യം ശീതവും ഉഷ്ണവും എന്നിങ്ങനെ ദ്വിവിധം; അതുതന്നെ പ്രവർത്തകശക്തി. രസങ്ങളുടെ വിപാകവും ദ്വിവിധം; ഇവിടെ കടു-രൂപമായ പരിണാമം സൂചിപ്പിക്കുന്നു.

Word by Word
शीतोष्णम्cold and hot
शीतोष्णम्:
Visheshana (Adjectival qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootशीत (प्रातिपदिक) + उष्ण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd), एकवचन; समासः—द्वन्द्वः (शीतं च उष्णं च), विशेषणम् (वीर्यम्)
लवणम्saline
लवणम्:
Visheshana (Adjectival qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootलवण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd), एकवचन; विशेषणम् (वीर्यम्)
वीर्यम्potency (of a substance)
वीर्यम्:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootवीर्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन
अथthen; moreover
अथ:
Sambandha (Discourse particle/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; अनुबन्ध/समुच्चयार्थक-निपात (particle: then/now/and)
वाor
वा:
Sambandha (Discourse particle/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; विकल्पार्थक-निपात (disjunctive particle)
शक्तिःpower; capacity
शक्तिः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootशक्ति (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन
इष्यतेis held to be; is accepted
इष्यते:
Kriya (Predicate action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootइष् (धातु)
Formलट् (Present/लट्), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन; आत्मनेपद; कर्मणि-प्रयोग (passive): ‘is considered/accepted’
रसानाम्of tastes
रसानाम्:
Sambandha (Genitive relation/सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootरस (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/षष्ठी), बहुवचन
द्विविधःtwofold
द्विविधः:
Visheshana (Adjectival qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootद्वि (प्रातिपदिक) + विध (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन; द्विगु-समासः (द्वौ विधौ यस्य), विशेषणम् (पाकः)
पाकःpost-digestive transformation; digestion-result
पाकः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootपाक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन
कटुःpungent
कटुः:
Visheshana (Adjectival qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootकटु (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन; विशेषणम् (पाकः)
एवindeed; only
एव:
Sambandha (Discourse particle/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; अवधारणार्थक-निपात (emphatic particle)
चand
च:
Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; समुच्चयार्थक-निपात (conjunction)
Speaker

Lord Vishnu (in instruction to Garuda/Vinata-putra)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Virya is twofold (cooling/heating) as operative shakti; vipaka is classified as twofold, with katu as a resultant category stated here.

Vedantic Theme: Knowledge by lakshana (definition) and bheda (classification); power (shakti) inferred from effects.

Application: When selecting diet/drugs, assess heating vs cooling potency and expected post-digestive outcome; do not rely on initial taste alone for predicting systemic effect.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.168.22 (dravya as substratum); Garuda Purana 1.168.25 (assessment before treatment)

Characters & Entities
V
Vishnu
G
Garuda

FAQs

This verse defines virya primarily as twofold—cooling (śīta) and heating (uṣṇa)—and equates it with the functional power (śakti) of a substance.

It states that the post-digestive transformation of tastes is twofold, and points to pungency (kaṭu) as a noted resulting type in this formulation.

When assessing a food or herb, track not only its taste but whether it acts heating or cooling and what it tends to become after digestion, since that influences long-term balance.

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