Shloka 6

Udara-roga Nidāna: Causes, Doṣa-Types, Spleen/Liver Enlargement, and Udakodara

Devanagari script

क्षुन्नाशो ऽरुचिवत्सर्वं सविदाहञ्च पच्यते / जीर्णान्नं यो न जानाति सो ऽपथ्यं सेवतेनरः

Transliteration

kṣunnāśo 'rucivatsarvaṃ savidāhañca pacyate / jīrṇānnaṃ yo na jānāti so 'pathyaṃ sevatenaraḥ

Translation

വിശപ്പ് നശിക്കുമ്പോൾ എല്ലാം അരുചിയോടും ദാഹത്തോടും കൂടി ജീർണമാകുന്നതുപോലെ തോന്നും; ജീർണമായ ആഹാരം തിരിച്ചറിയാത്തവൻ ഒടുവിൽ അപഥ്യം സേവിക്കുന്നു.

Word by Word

• क्षुत्: hunger
• क्षुत्: Samasa-anga (Compound member/समासाङ्ग)
• Type: Noun
• Root: क्षुत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा एकवचन; समासपूर्वपद (क्षुत्-नाशः)

• नाशः: loss, disappearance
• नाशः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नाश (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (क्षुतः नाशः); पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा एकवचन

• अरुचि: lack of appetite, distaste
• अरुचि: Samasa-anga (Compound member/समासाङ्ग)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अरुचि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया एकवचन; समासपूर्वपद (अरुचि-वत्)

• वत्: with/like (having)
• वत्: Visheshana (Adjectival modifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वत् (तद्धित-प्रत्यय/प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुषवत्-प्रयोगः (अरुचिवत् = अरुचिसहितम्/अरुचिसदृशम्); नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया एकवचन; सर्वम् इत्यस्य विशेषणम्

• सर्वम्: everything
• सर्वम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सर्व (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया एकवचन

• स: with
• स: Upapada (Preverb-like/उपपद)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: स (उपसर्ग/अव्यय-पूर्वपद)
• Form: उपसर्गसदृश अव्यय-पूर्वपद; समासे (स-विदाहम्)

• विदाहम्: with burning sensation
• विदाहम्: Visheshana (Adjectival modifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विदाह (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्ययीभावः (सविदाहम् = विदाहेन सह); नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया एकवचन; सर्वम् इत्यस्य विशेषणम्

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (Conjunction/समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय (conjunction)

• पच्यते: is digested/cooked
• पच्यते: Kriya (Verb/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: पच् (धातु)
• Form: लट् (वर्तमानकाल), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; कर्मणि प्रयोग (passive)

• जीर्ण: digested, old
• जीर्ण: Visheshana (Adjectival modifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: जॄ (धातु) → जीर्ण (कृदन्त/भूतकृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (क्त), विशेषण; नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया एकवचन; अन्नम् इत्यस्य विशेषणम्

• अन्नम्: food
• अन्नम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अन्न (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया एकवचन

• यः: who
• यः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा एकवचन; सम्बन्धवाचक (relative pronoun)

• न: not
• न: Nishedha (Negation/निषेध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेधार्थक अव्यय (negation particle)

• जानाति: knows
• जानाति: Kriya (Verb/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ज्ञा (धातु)
• Form: लट् (वर्तमानकाल), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपदम्

• सः: he
• सः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा एकवचन

• अपथ्यम्: unwholesome (food/thing)
• अपथ्यम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अ + पथ्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया एकवचन

• सेवते: resorts to, consumes
• सेवते: Kriya (Verb/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: सेव् (धातु)
• Form: लट् (वर्तमानकाल), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; आत्मनेपदम्

• नरः: man
• नरः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा एकवचन; सः इत्यस्य अप्पोजिशन

Speaker

Lord Vishnu (narrating to Garuda/Vainateya)

Medical Ayurveda

Dosha: Pitta

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Viveka (discernment) in diet: knowing what is properly digested prevents apathya and consequent suffering.

Vedantic Theme: Indriya-nigraha and sattva-śuddhi through regulated intake; food as a support for mental clarity.

Application: Observe hunger, digestion, and burning/aversion signs; eat only after proper digestion; choose pathya foods and avoid compulsive eating.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: bhayanaka

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana: pathya/apathya and bodily signs in the same chapter context (adjacent verses)

Characters & Entities

• Garuda

FAQs

What is the importance of diet (pathya/apathya) in the Garuda Purana here?

This verse ties loss of hunger and burning digestion to wrong dietary choices (apathya), presenting disciplined eating as part of sustaining clarity and dharmic living, especially as vitality declines.

How does this verse explain the path of the soul?

By highlighting bodily decline and confusion about digestion, it portrays the weakening of embodied awareness that precedes death—an entry point to the Garuda Purana’s broader teaching on transition after death.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Maintain mindful eating—recognize when digestion is complete, avoid unsuitable foods during illness, and treat appetite loss as a sign to simplify diet and focus on spiritual steadiness.