Shloka 25

Udara-roga Nidāna: Causes, Doṣa-Types, Spleen/Liver Enlargement, and Udakodara

Devanagari script

सो ऽष्ठीला चातिकठिनः प्रोन्नतः कूर्मपृष्ठवत्? / क्रमेण वर्धमानश्च कुक्षौ व्याततिमाहरेत्

Transliteration

so 'ṣṭhīlā cātikaṭhinaḥ pronnataḥ kūrmapṛṣṭhavat? / krameṇa vardhamānaśca kukṣau vyātatimāharet

Translation

ഈ അഷ്ടീല അത്യന്തം കഠിനമായി, കൂർമപൃഷ്ഠംപോലെ ഉയർന്നിരിക്കും; ക്രമേണ വർധിച്ച് ഉദരത്തിൽ വ്യാപ്തി വരുത്തും.

Word by Word

• सः: he/that (entity)
• सः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• अष्ठीला: a hard swelling/tumor (a disease term)
• अष्ठीला: Pradhana-predicative (विधेय/विशेष्य)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अष्ठीला (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

• अतिकठिनः: very hard
• अतिकठिनः: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अति (उपसर्ग/अव्यय) + कठिन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; विशेषण

• प्रोन्नतः: raised, elevated
• प्रोन्नतः: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्र + उद् + नत (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √नम्)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; भूतकृदन्त (past participle)

• कूर्मपृष्ठवत्: like a tortoise’s back
• कूर्मपृष्ठवत्: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: कूर्म (प्रातिपदिक) + पृष्ठ (प्रातिपदिक) + वत् (तद्धित)
• Form: अव्ययवत्-प्रयोगः; वत्-प्रत्ययान्त विशेषण (like/possessing); समासः: कूर्मस्य पृष्ठम् इव

• क्रमेण: gradually, in order
• क्रमेण: Adhikarana/Avyaya-bhava (manner)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: क्रम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन; क्रियाविशेषण-प्रयोग (adverbial)

• वर्धमानः: increasing, growing
• वर्धमानः: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वर्धमान (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √वृध्)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; वर्तमानकृदन्त (present participle)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

• कुक्षौ: in the abdomen/belly
• कुक्षौ: Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कुक्षि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन

• व्याततिम्: distension/expansion
• व्याततिम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: व्यातति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन

• आहरेत्: would produce/bring about
• आहरेत्: Kriya (Predicate/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ + √हृ (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद

Speaker

Lord Vishnu (in instruction to Garuda/Vinata-putra)

Medical Ayurveda

Dosha: Vata

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Neglect of bodily order (vāta disturbance, obstruction) leads to cascading suffering; cultivate disciplined regimen and timely care.

Vedantic Theme: Deha-anityatā (impermanence of the body) and duḥkha-darśana prompting vairāgya; body as instrument, not Self.

Application: Attend early to udāvarta/ānāha signs; regulate diet, evacuation, and vāta-pacifying routine; seek competent vaidya rather than ignoring progressive symptoms.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: bibhatsa

Secondary Rasa: bhayanaka

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.160–1.162 (medical/roga-nidāna context, vāta disorders, udāvarta, gulma/pleeha-yakṛt topics)

Characters & Entities

• Vishnu
• Garuda

FAQs

What does udāvarta mean in this Garuda Purana verse?

Udāvarta indicates an abnormal upward movement of vāta—often linked with obstruction—leading to distress such as distension, thirst, and severe fever.

How does this verse explain the path of the soul?

The verse stresses how bodily imbalance and mental delusion can dominate consciousness; the Garuda Purana uses this to encourage steadiness, dharma, and preparedness for death and post-death transitions.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Recognize that health and appearance are unstable; practice moderation, seek timely care, and maintain spiritual routines so the mind stays clear during suffering.