Shloka 91

Vishnu-sahasranāma-style Japa: Vishnu as Cosmic Cause and Inner Self

Antaryāmin

Devanagari script

खरदूषणहन्ता च रावणस्य प्रमर्दनः / सीतापतिश्च (५६०)वर्धिष्णुर्भरतश्च तथैव च

Transliteration

kharadūṣaṇahantā ca rāvaṇasya pramardanaḥ / sītāpatiśca (560)vardhiṣṇurbharataśca tathaiva ca

Translation

അവൻ ഖര-ദൂഷണഹന്തയും രാവണപ്രമർദകനും ആകുന്നു. അവൻ സീതാപതി; വർധിഷ്ണു (എന്നും വർധിക്കുന്നവൻ); അതുപോലെ ഭരതനും തന്നേ.

Word by Word

• खरदूषणहन्ता: slayer of Khara and Dūṣaṇa
• खरदूषणहन्ता: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: खर (प्रातिपदिक) + दूषण (प्रातिपदिक) + हन्तृ (प्रातिपदिक; √हन् (धातु) तृच्)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः—“खरदूषणयोः हन्ता”

• च: and
• च: Sambandha/Connector (सम्बन्ध/समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक-अव्यय (conjunction)

• रावणस्य: of Rāvaṇa
• रावणस्य: Sambandha (Genitive/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रावण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/षष्ठी), एकवचन

• प्रमर्दनः: crusher; destroyer
• प्रमर्दनः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रमर्दन (प्रातिपदिक; √मृद्/मर्द् (धातु) ल्युट्)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन

• सीतापतिः: husband of Sītā
• सीतापतिः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सीता (प्रातिपदिक) + पति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः—“सीतायाः पतिः”

• च: and
• च: Sambandha/Connector (सम्बन्ध/समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक-अव्यय (conjunction)

• वर्धिष्णुः: ever-increasing; thriving
• वर्धिष्णुः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वर्धिष्णु (प्रातिपदिक; √वृध् (धातु) इष्णु-प्रत्यय)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन; विशेषण—“वर्धमान-स्वभावः”

• भरतः: Bharata
• भरतः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भरत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन

• च: and
• च: Sambandha/Connector (सम्बन्ध/समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक-अव्यय (conjunction)

• तथा: likewise
• तथा: Sambandha/Modifier (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, क्रियाविशेषण (adverb)

• एव: indeed
• एव: Sambandha/Emphasis (अवधारण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: अवधारणार्थक-अव्यय (particle)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha/Connector (सम्बन्ध/समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक-अव्यय (conjunction)

Speaker

Lord Vishnu (teaching Garuda/Vinata-putra) [traditional Garuda Purana dialogue frame; this verse itself lists epithets/names]

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: The Lord destroys adharma to protect the righteous; divine kingship and fidelity (Sītāpati) exemplify dharma upheld through courage and restraint.

Vedantic Theme: Īśvara as dharma-saṃsthāpaka; līlā as moral order; surrender to the righteous protector.

Application: Stand against injustice without cruelty; protect the vulnerable; cultivate fidelity, responsibility, and disciplined strength.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: vira

Secondary Rasa: raudra

Geographic Context

Type: forest/island-kingdom

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.15 (Rāma-epithets sequence continues into 1.15.92)

Characters & Entities

• Khara
• Dushana
• Ravana
• Sita
• Bharata

FAQs

What is the importance of these divine epithets in the Garuda Purana?

This verse preserves devotional remembrance through specific name-meanings—linking the deity to cosmic protection and the Rāma narrative (destroying adharma), which supports bhakti-oriented practice.

How does this verse relate to the Garuda Purana’s teachings on liberation?

While not describing afterlife mechanics directly, it aligns with the text’s broader emphasis that devotion and recitation of sacred names stabilize the mind and orient one toward dharma and moksha.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Use the verse as a short daily nāma-smaraṇa (remembrance of divine names), reflecting on each epithet as a commitment to overcome inner ‘Rāvaṇa-like’ tendencies such as pride and cruelty.