Shloka 43

Vishnu-sahasranāma-style Japa: Vishnu as Cosmic Cause and Inner Self

Antaryāmin

Devanagari script

रत्नदो रत्नहर्ता च(२६०)रूपी रूपविवर्जितः / महारूपोग्ररूपश्च सौम्यरूपस्तथैव च

Transliteration

ratnado ratnahartā ca(260)rūpī rūpavivarjitaḥ / mahārūpograrūpaśca saumyarūpastathaiva ca

Translation

അവൻ രത്നങ്ങൾ നൽകുന്നവനും രത്നങ്ങൾ ഹരിക്കുന്നവനും; രൂപമുള്ളവനായിട്ടും രൂപാതീതൻ. അവൻ മഹാരൂപൻ, ഉഗ്രരൂപൻ, അതുപോലെ സൗമ്യവും മംഗളകരവുമായ രൂപവും ഉള്ളവൻ.

Word by Word

• रत्नदः: giver of jewels
• रत्नदः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: रत्न + द (प्रातिपदिक; √दा/ददाति धातु-आश्रित)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; उपपद-तत्पुरुषः (रत्नं ददाति इति)

• रत्नहर्ता: stealer/remover of jewels
• रत्नहर्ता: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: रत्न + हर्तृ (प्रातिपदिक; √हृ/हरति)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; उपपद-तत्पुरुषः (रत्नं हरति इति)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

• रूपी: having form
• रूपी: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: रूपिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; -इन्-प्रत्ययान्त विशेषण

• रूपविवर्जितः: devoid of form
• रूपविवर्जितः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: रूप + विवर्जित (कृदन्त; √वृज्/वर्जयति with वि-, past passive participle)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः (रूपेण विवर्जितः = devoid of form)

• महारूपः: of great form
• महारूपः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महा + रूप (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; कर्मधारयः (महान् रूपः यस्य)

• उग्ररूपः: of fierce form
• उग्ररूपः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उग्र + रूप (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; कर्मधारयः (उग्रं रूपं यस्य)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

• सौम्यरूपः: of gentle/pleasant form
• सौम्यरूपः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सौम्य + रूप (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; कर्मधारयः (सौम्यं रूपं यस्य)

• तथा: likewise
• तथा: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; प्रकार/समुच्चयार्थे (adverb: likewise)

• एव: indeed
• एव: Sambandha (Emphasis/अवधारण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: निश्चय/अवधारण-अव्यय (particle: indeed)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

Speaker

Lord Vishnu (speaking to Garuda/Vinata-putra) — context: Vishnu Sahasranama-style enumeration within Garuda Purana narration

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: The Supreme is simultaneously immanent (with attributes) and transcendent (beyond attributes), manifesting multiple forms for cosmic functions.

Vedantic Theme: Saguna–Nirguna Brahman; acintya-bheda/identity-in-difference as devotional-gnostic contemplation.

Application: Meditate on the Divine beyond rigid categories; cultivate equanimity toward gain/loss (giver/taker) and see all experiences as under Ishvara’s governance.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: adbhuta

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.15 (Vishnu-sahasranama/stotra-style epithets continuing across 1.15.43–47)

FAQs

What is the importance of describing God as both 'with form' and 'beyond form' in the Garuda Purana?

This verse teaches that the Supreme can be worshipped in a personal form (saguṇa) while also being ultimately attribute-less (nirguṇa), accommodating both devotion and philosophical inquiry.

How does this verse explain the path of the soul in Garuda Purana’s broader teaching?

By presenting the Divine as gentle and fierce, it implies the same Supreme governs both grace and correction—supporting the Purana’s moral framework where karma yields results, yet liberation is possible through right understanding and devotion.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Hold wealth and success without attachment (since the Divine can both give and take), and cultivate steady devotion and ethics whether life appears gentle (saumya) or challenging (ugra).