Shloka 21

Vishnu-sahasranāma-style Japa: Vishnu as Cosmic Cause and Inner Self

Antaryāmin

Devanagari script

सदेवानां पतिश्चैव वृष्णीनां पतिरीडितः / पतिर्हिरण्यगर्भस्य त्रिपुरान्तपतिस्तथा

Transliteration

sadevānāṃ patiścaiva vṛṣṇīnāṃ patirīḍitaḥ / patirhiraṇyagarbhasya tripurāntapatistathā

Translation

അവൻ ദേവന്മാരുടെ അധിപതിയും, വൃഷ്ണികളുടെ സ്തുത്യനായ പ്രഭുവും. അവൻ ഹിരണ്യഗർഭത്തിന്റെ സ്വാമിയും, ത്രിപുരാന്തകനായ അധിപതിയും കൂടിയാണ്.

Word by Word

• सदेवानाम्: of (all) the gods together
• सदेवानाम्: Sambandha (Genitive relation/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: स + देवानाम् (देव प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th case/genitive), बहुवचन; अव्ययीभाव (सदेव = देवैः सह/देवान् सहितान्) + षष्ठी-बहुवचन

• पतिः: lord
• पतिः: Visheshya (Predicate nominative/विशेष्य)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st case), एकवचन

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (Connector/समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय (conjunction)

• एव: indeed
• एव: Avadharana (Emphasis/अवधारण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: अवधारणार्थक अव्यय (emphatic particle)

• वृष्णीनाम्: of the Vṛṣṇis
• वृष्णीनाम्: Sambandha (Genitive relation/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वृष्णि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th case/genitive), बहुवचन

• पतिः: lord
• पतिः: Visheshya (Predicate nominative/विशेष्य)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st case), एकवचन

• ईडितः: praised
• ईडितः: Visheshana (Adjective/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ईडित (प्रातिपदिक; ईड्-धातु से क्त)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st case), एकवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (praised)

• पतिः: lord
• पतिः: Visheshya (Predicate nominative/विशेष्य)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st case), एकवचन

• हिरण्यगर्भस्य: of Hiraṇyagarbha
• हिरण्यगर्भस्य: Sambandha (Genitive relation/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हिरण्य + गर्भ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th case/genitive), एकवचन; कर्मधारय/तत्पुरुष-प्रयोग (हिरण्यगर्भ = Hiraṇyagarbha)

• त्रिपुरान्तपतिः: lord who ended Tripura (Tripurāntaka)
• त्रिपुरान्तपतिः: Visheshya (Predicate nominative/विशेष्य)
• Type: Noun
• Root: त्रिपुर + अन्त + पति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st case), एकवचन; तत्पुरुष (त्रिपुरस्य अन्तः/अन्तकः—त्रिपुरान्तः; तस्य पतिः)

• तथा: likewise
• तथा: Kriya-visheshana (Adverbial/क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक/रीतिवाचक अव्यय (adverb: likewise)

Speaker

Lord Vishnu (speaking to Garuda)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: One Lord presides over devas, dynasties (Vṛṣṇis), cosmic source (Hiraṇyagarbha), and the power that ends adharma (Tripura).

Vedantic Theme: Īśvara as antaryāmin of all hierarchies—cosmic, social, and mythic—uniting creation and dissolution under one sovereignty.

Application: Invoke the Lord as protector of order when confronting inner ‘Tripura’ (threefold impurities); align life with dharma through devotion.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: adbhuta

Secondary Rasa: vira

Geographic Context

Type: mythic city/fortress

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.15 (aiśvarya-nāmas; links to Śiva-Tripurāntaka epithet re-read as supreme Lord’s function)

Characters & Entities

• Devas
• Vṛṣṇis
• Hiraṇyagarbha
• Tripura

FAQs

What is the importance of praising Vishnu as the Lord of Devas and the Vṛṣṇis in the Garuda Purana?

This verse frames Vishnu as the supreme protector and sovereign over both cosmic administrators (Devas) and his earthly lineage (Vṛṣṇis), reinforcing bhakti through recognition of his universal lordship.

How does this verse explain the path of the soul in the Garuda Purana?

Indirectly: by asserting Vishnu’s supremacy over cosmic order and creation, it supports the Garuda Purana theme that refuge in the Supreme (through devotion and dharma) is central to spiritual welfare beyond death.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Use the verse as a daily stuti: cultivate humility and ethical living by remembering a single divine governance behind worldly power, lineage identity, and cosmic forces.