Shloka 19

Vishnu-sahasranāma-style Japa: Vishnu as Cosmic Cause and Inner Self

Antaryāmin

Devanagari script

सत्यस्थः सत्यसङ्कल्पः सत्यवित्सत्य (त्प) दस्तथा (१२१) / धर्मो धर्ंमो च कर्मो च सर्वकर्ंमविवर्जितः

Transliteration

satyasthaḥ satyasaṅkalpaḥ satyavitsatya (tpa) dastathā (121) / dharmo dharṃmo ca karmo ca sarvakarṃmavivarjitaḥ

Translation

അവൻ സത്യത്തിൽ നിലകൊള്ളുന്നവൻ, സത്യസങ്കൽപൻ, സത്യജ്ഞൻ, സത്യതപസ്സിൽ പരായണൻ. അവൻ തന്നെയാണ് ധർമ്മം, ധർമ്മവും കർമ്മവും; എങ്കിലും സർവകർമ്മങ്ങളിൽ നിന്നു പൂർണ്ണമായി അസ്പർശനും വിമുക്തനും.

Word by Word

• सत्यस्थः: steadfast in truth
• सत्यस्थः: Visheshana (Adjective/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सत्य + स्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st case), एकवचन; सप्तमी-तत्पुरुष (स्थितः सत्ये = abiding in truth)

• सत्यसङ्कल्पः: one whose resolve is true
• सत्यसङ्कल्पः: Visheshana (Adjective/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सत्य + सङ्कल्प (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st case), एकवचन; कर्मधारय (सत्यः सङ्कल्पः यस्य/सत्य-सङ्कल्पः)

• सत्यवित्: knower of truth
• सत्यवित्: Visheshana (Adjective/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सत्य + विद् (प्रातिपदिक; विद्-धातु से)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st case), एकवचन; उपपद-तत्पुरुष (सत्यं वेत्ति = knower of truth)

• सत्यदः: giver of truth
• सत्यदः: Visheshana (Adjective/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सत्य + द (प्रातिपदिक; दा-धातु से)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st case), एकवचन; उपपद-तत्पुरुष (सत्यं ददाति = giver of truth)

• तथा: likewise
• तथा: Kriya-visheshana (Adverbial/क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: रीतिवाचक अव्यय (adverb: likewise)

• धर्मः: dharma, righteousness
• धर्मः: Visheshya (Predicate nominative/विशेष्य)
• Type: Noun
• Root: धर्म (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st case), एकवचन

• धर्मः: dharma
• धर्मः: Visheshya (Predicate nominative/विशेष्य)
• Type: Noun
• Root: धर्म (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st case), एकवचन (पुनरुक्ति/उच्चारणभेद)

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (Connector/समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय (conjunction)

• कर्मः: action, deed
• कर्मः: Visheshya (Predicate nominative/विशेष्य)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कर्म (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st case), एकवचन

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (Connector/समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय (conjunction)

• सर्वकर्मविवर्जितः: free from all actions
• सर्वकर्मविवर्जितः: Visheshana (Adjective/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व + कर्म + विवर्जित (प्रातिपदिक; वि+वृज्/वर्ज्-धातु से क्त)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st case), एकवचन; षष्ठी/पञ्चमी-तत्पुरुषार्थ (सर्वकर्मभ्यः विवर्जितः = devoid of all actions)

Speaker

Lord Vishnu (in discourse to Garuda/Vinata-putra, as per the common Garuda Purana dialogue frame)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Īśvara is the source and regulator of dharma and karma while remaining nirlepa (untouched), akartā in the ultimate sense.

Vedantic Theme: Brahman/Īśvara as adhishṭhāna of all kriyā yet beyond karma-bandha; distinction between empirical agency and absolute transcendence.

Application: Perform duties with integrity (satya) while cultivating non-attachment—offer actions to the Lord and avoid egoic doership.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.15 (names emphasizing satya, dharma, karma, and transcendence of action)

FAQs

What is the importance of Satya (truth) in Garuda Purana?

This verse presents truth as foundational—being established in truth, holding truthful intentions, and practicing truth-based discipline are portrayed as divine qualities aligned with Dharma itself.

How does this verse relate Dharma and Karma to liberation?

It teaches that while Dharma and Karma govern moral order and action, the highest spiritual ideal is to be aligned with Dharma yet remain inwardly unattached—‘free from all actions’ in the sense of non-binding karma.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Cultivate truthful speech and intentions (satya-saṅkalpa), act ethically (dharma), and practice detachment from ego and results so actions do not become spiritually binding.