Shloka 10

Vishnu-sahasranāma-style Japa: Vishnu as Cosmic Cause and Inner Self

Antaryāmin

Devanagari script

अपारः परमार्थश्च पराणां च परः प्रभुः / पण्डितः पण्डितेड्यश्च पवित्रः पापमर्दकः

Transliteration

apāraḥ paramārthaśca parāṇāṃ ca paraḥ prabhuḥ / paṇḍitaḥ paṇḍiteḍyaśca pavitraḥ pāpamardakaḥ

Translation

അവൻ അപാരൻ, പരമാർത്ഥസ്വരൂപൻ; ഉന്നതങ്ങളിലുമുയർന്ന പ്രഭു. അവൻ പണ്ഡിതൻ, പണ്ഡിതർ സ്തുതിക്കുന്നവൻ, പവിത്രൻ, പാപമർദകൻ.

Word by Word

• अपारः: limitless
• अपारः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अपार (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; विशेषणम्

• परमार्थः: supreme truth/goal
• परमार्थः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: परम + अर्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; कर्मधारयः (परमः अर्थः)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

• पराणाम्: of the others; of the higher ones
• पराणाम्: Sambandha (Genitive/षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग (सन्दर्भानुसार), षष्ठी-विभक्ति (6th/Genitive), बहुवचन; विशेष्य-सम्बन्धः

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

• परः: higher; supreme
• परः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; विशेषणम्

• प्रभुः: Lord; master
• प्रभुः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रभु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन

• पण्डितः: sage; learned one
• पण्डितः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पण्डित (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन

• पण्डितेड्यः: praised by the learned
• पण्डितेड्यः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पण्डित + ईड्य (ईड् धातु/ईड्य-प्रातिपदिक, कृदन्त-विशेषण)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (पण्डितैः ईड्यः = by sages to be praised)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

• पवित्रः: pure; purifier
• पवित्रः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पवित्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; विशेषणम्

• पापमर्दकः: destroyer of sin
• पापमर्दकः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पाप + मर्दक (मृद्/मर्द् धातु, ण्वुल्/क-प्रत्ययान्त प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; उपपद-तत्पुरुषः (पापं मर्दयति)

Speaker

Lord Vishnu (in dialogue with Garuda/Vinata-putra)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: The Lord as infinite reality (paramārtha) and purifier who destroys sin; wisdom and praise by the learned point to jñāna grounded in devotion.

Vedantic Theme: Brahman/Īśvara as ananta; pāpa as avidyā/adharma removable through divine grace and right knowledge.

Application: Adopt a daily practice of self-examination and repentance paired with Hari-nāma; seek sādhus/śāstra (pāṇḍita) guidance to align conduct with purity.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.15 (nāma series; pāpa-nāśana motif anticipates later Garuḍa Purāṇa teachings on purification and post-death outcomes)

FAQs

What is the importance of praising Vishnu as 'pāpamardaka' in the Garuda Purana?

This verse frames Vishnu as the purifier who destroys sin, emphasizing devotion and remembrance of the Supreme as a primary means of inner cleansing and dharmic upliftment.

How does this verse explain the path of the soul?

By identifying the Supreme as the ultimate Reality and the remover of sin, it implies that the soul’s progress is aided by purification—sin being a key obstacle to favorable post-death outcomes and liberation.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Cultivate purity of conduct and regularly engage in Vishnu-smaraṇa (remembrance/recitation), aligning daily choices with dharma to reduce harmful actions and their karmic consequences.