Shloka 2

Jvara-Nidāna-Lakṣaṇa: Causes, Doṣic Types, Āma/Nirāma Stages, and Prognosis of Fever

Devanagari script

तत्सन्तापो मोहमयः सन्तापात्मापचारजः / विविधैर्नामभिः क्रूरो नानायोनिषु वर्तते

Transliteration

tatsantāpo mohamayaḥ santāpātmāpacārajaḥ / vividhairnāmabhiḥ krūro nānāyoniṣu vartate

Translation

ആ സന്താപം മോഹജന്യം; സ്വയം ചെയ്ത ആത്മാപചാരങ്ങളിൽ നിന്നു ഉദ്ഭവിക്കുന്ന ദുഃഖതാപം. ക്രൂരസ്വഭാവമുള്ളത് പല നാമങ്ങളോടെ പല യോനികളിൽ പ്രവർത്തിക്കുന്നു.

Word by Word

• तत्: that
• तत्: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; विशेषण-प्रयोगः (demonstrative: 'that')

• सन्तापः: affliction; burning pain
• सन्तापः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सन्ताप (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन

• मोहमयः: consisting of delusion
• मोहमयः: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: मोह (प्रातिपदिक) + मय (प्रत्ययान्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; समासः—तत्पुरुषः (मोह-मयः = मोहयुक्तः)

• सन्तापात्मा: having affliction as its nature
• सन्तापात्मा: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सन्ताप (प्रातिपदिक) + आत्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; समासः—तत्पुरुषः (सन्तापः आत्मा यस्य/सन्तापस्वभावः)

• अपचारजः: born of misconduct
• अपचारजः: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अपचार (प्रातिपदिक) + ज (प्रत्ययान्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; समासः—तत्पुरुषः (अपचारात् जातः)

• विविधैः: by various
• विविधैः: Karana (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विविध (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd), बहुवचन; विशेषणम्

• नामभिः: by names
• नामभिः: Karana (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नामन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd), बहुवचन

• क्रूरः: cruel; harsh
• क्रूरः: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: क्रूर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; विशेषणम्

• नाना: various; many
• नाना: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: नाना (अव्यय/प्रातिपदिक-प्रयोगः)
• Form: अव्यय; विशेषणार्थे (indeclinable used adjectivally: 'various')

• योनिषु: in wombs/births/species
• योनिषु: Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: योनि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th), बहुवचन

• वर्तते: exists; occurs; continues
• वर्तते: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वृत् (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार (Present), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; आत्मनेपद

Speaker

Lord Vishnu (speaking to Garuda/Vinata-putra)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Suffering is moha-born and self-generated through one’s own apacāra (misdeeds), ripening across diverse rebirths under many forms.

Vedantic Theme: Saṃsāra driven by avidyā; karma-phala manifests as embodied experience until knowledge/devotion removes moha.

Application: Reduce moha through self-examination, restraint, and corrective conduct; treat recurring afflictions as prompts for ethical repair and spiritual discipline.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: karuna

Secondary Rasa: bhayanaka

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana Pretakalpa themes: karma as cause of varied embodied suffering (general); Garuda Purana dharma sections on apacāra leading to duḥkha (general)

FAQs

What is the importance of delusion (moha) in the Garuda Purana’s teaching on suffering?

This verse frames suffering as “moha-made”—delusion clouds discernment and drives sinful conduct, which then ripens as torment.

How does this verse explain the path of the soul through different births?

It states that karmic torment, generated by one’s own misdeeds, follows the jīva across “many yonis,” appearing in varied forms and conditions of rebirth.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Reduce moha through ethical discipline, self-restraint, and clarity in action—since misconduct is described here as the seed of future suffering.