Shloka 11

Roganidāna: Definitions, Fivefold Diagnostic Method, and Doṣa-wise Causes

Devanagari script

दोषाणां समवेतानां विकल्पोशांशकल्पना / स्वातन्त्र्यपारतन्त्र्याभ्यां व्याधेः प्राधान्यमादिशेत्

Transliteration

doṣāṇāṃ samavetānāṃ vikalpośāṃśakalpanā / svātantryapāratantryābhyāṃ vyādheḥ prādhānyamādiśet

Translation

ശരീരദോഷങ്ങൾ ഒന്നിച്ചുകൂടുമ്പോൾ അവയുടെ വ്യത്യാസങ്ങളും അംശപ്രമാണവും നിർണ്ണയിച്ച്, ഏത് ദോഷം സ്വതന്ത്രവും ഏത് പരതന്ത്രവും ആണെന്ന് പരിശോധിച്ച് രോഗത്തിൽ പ്രാധാന്യമുള്ള ദോഷം പ്രഖ്യാപിക്കണം।

Word by Word

• दोषाणाम्: of the doṣas (humors)
• दोषाणाम्: Sambandha (Genitive/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दोष (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (6th/Genitive), बहुवचन

• समवेतानाम्: of those combined/assembled
• समवेतानाम्: Visheshana (Adjectival qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सम्+अव+इ (धातु) → समवेत (कृदन्त, भूतकर्मणि/क्त)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (6th/Genitive), बहुवचन; विशेषणम् (दोषाणाम्)

• विकल्पः: distinction/alternative (analysis)
• विकल्पः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विकल्प (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• अंश: portion
• अंश: Samasa-anga (Compound member/समासाङ्ग)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अंश (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; (समासपूर्वपद-रूपेण)

• कल्पना: determination/assessment
• कल्पना: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कॢप् (धातु) → कल्पना (कृदन्त/भाववाचक-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; (अंश-सम्बद्धा)

• स्वातन्त्र्य: independence
• स्वातन्त्र्य: Karana (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्वातन्त्र्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन; (समासपूर्वपद-रूपेण)

• पारतन्त्र्याभ्याम्: by (considering) dependence (together with independence)
• पारतन्त्र्याभ्याम्: Karana (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पारतन्त्र्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (3rd/Instrumental), द्विवचन; स्वातन्त्र्यपारतन्त्र्याभ्याम् इति द्वन्द्वार्थे समुच्चय-तृतीया

• व्याधेः: of the disease
• व्याधेः: Sambandha (Genitive/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: व्याधि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (6th/Genitive), एकवचन

• प्राधान्यम्: predominance/primary status
• प्राधान्यम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्राधान्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन

• आदिशेत्: should indicate/declare
• आदिशेत्: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ+दिश् (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन

Speaker

Lord Vishnu (in instruction to Garuda/Vainateya)

Medical Ayurveda

Dosha: Vata/Pitta/Kapha

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Yukti (reasoned analysis) to determine doṣa-sāmya/saṃsarga, aṃśa (proportion), and prādhānya (predominance) in disease.

Vedantic Theme: Viveka (discernment) applied to prakṛti-level phenomena; clarity of knowledge reduces suffering.

Application: In diagnosis, assess mixed-doṣa presentations by estimating each doṣa’s share and whether one is primary (svatantra) while another is secondary (paratantra), then treat the predominant doṣa first.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.146.13 (kupita malāḥ as nidāna); Garuda Purana 1.146.14 (vividha-ahita-sevana as cause of aggravation)

FAQs

What is the importance of doṣa predominance in Garuda Purana?

This verse emphasizes that when multiple doṣas are involved, correct treatment depends on identifying which doṣa is primary by judging proportion and functional independence versus dependence.

How does this verse explain the path of the soul?

It does not directly discuss the soul’s journey; instead, it presents a diagnostic principle about bodily doṣas, reflecting the text’s broader inclusion of practical dharmic living through health knowledge.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

In any complex problem with multiple causes, estimate each factor’s share and identify the main driver (the independent cause) before deciding on the remedy.