Shloka 15

Śivarātri Vrata: Timing, Accidental Merit, and the Complete Night-Vigil Procedure

Devanagari script

तिलतण्डुलव्रीहींश्च जुहुयात्सघृतं चरुम् / हुत्वा पूर्णाहुतिं दत्त्वा शृणुयाद्गीतसत्कथाम्

Transliteration

tilataṇḍulavrīhīṃśca juhuyātsaghṛtaṃ carum / hutvā pūrṇāhutiṃ dattvā śṛṇuyādgītasatkathām

Translation

നെയ്യോടുകൂടെ എള്ള്, അരിമണി, വ്രീഹി എന്നിവയും ചരുവും അഗ്നിയിൽ ഹോമമായി അർപ്പിക്കണം. ഹോമം ചെയ്ത് പൂർണാഹുതി നൽകി, ഗീതസ്തോത്രങ്ങളും സത്കഥകളും ശ്രവിക്കണം.

Word by Word

• तिलतण्डुलव्रीहींस्: sesame, rice-grains, and rice (vrīhi)
• तिलतण्डुलव्रीहींस्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तिल + तण्डुल + व्रीहि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/कर्म), बहुवचन; समाहार-द्वन्द्व/इतरेतर-द्वन्द्व (contextual)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक-निपात (conjunction)

• जुहुयात्: should offer (into fire)
• जुहुयात्: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: हु (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (optative), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• सघृतम्: with ghee / ghee-mixed
• सघृतम्: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स + घृत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन; अव्ययीभावः ‘सघृतम्’ = घृतेन सह/घृतयुक्तम् (with ghee)

• चरुम्: (sacrificial) porridge/oblation
• चरुम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: चरु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/कर्म), एकवचन

• हुत्वा: having offered
• हुत्वा: Purvakala (Prior action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: हु (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त-अव्यय (absolutive/gerund), ‘having offered’

• पूर्णाहुतिम्: the full oblation
• पूर्णाहुतिम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पूर्ण + आहुति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/कर्म), एकवचन; कर्मधारयः ‘पूर्णा आहुतिः’

• दत्त्वा: having given
• दत्त्वा: Purvakala (Prior action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: दा (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त-अव्यय (absolutive/gerund), ‘having given’

• शृणुयात्: should listen
• शृणुयात्: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: श्रु (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (optative), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• गीतसत्कथाम्: sung sacred discourse/story
• गीतसत्कथाम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गीत + सत् + कथा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/कर्म), एकवचन; षष्ठी/तत्पुरुष-समासः (contextual): ‘गीताः सत्कथाः’/‘गीतस्य सत्कथा’ = sacred stories (that are sung)

Speaker

Lord Viṣṇu (in instruction to Garuḍa/Vinatā-putra, within the Garuḍa Purāṇa dialogue frame)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Yajña is completed not only by oblations but by pūrṇāhuti and subsequent śravaṇa of sacred discourse, integrating karma (rite) with sattvic cultivation.

Vedantic Theme: Karma-yoga as purification (citta-śuddhi) preparing for higher knowledge/bhakti; śabda as a sanctifying medium.

Application: Perform rites with proper sequence (homa → pūrṇāhuti → śravaṇa); include devotional listening/recitation after worship to stabilize the mind and seal the rite.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Geographic Context

Type: ritual space (agniśālā/gṛha-yajña)

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana (Preta/Śrāddha sections): emphasis on tilā and ghee in rites; completion by pūrṇāhuti; śravaṇa of dharma-kathā as merit-generating act

FAQs

What is the importance of pūrṇāhuti in Garuda Purana rituals?

This verse places pūrṇāhuti as the concluding act that completes the fire-offering sequence, marking ritual closure before turning to auspicious listening (gīta and satkathā).

How does this verse relate to Garuda Purana death rituals and śrāddha?

The verse outlines a śrāddha-style homa using tila, rice, and ghee with caru, followed by auspicious recitation/listening—an element commonly emphasized in post-rite sanctification and merit (puṇya) generation.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

After completing a rite (especially ancestral observances), conclude properly (a clear final offering/prayer) and then engage in uplifting sacred listening or recitation to orient the mind toward sattva and dharmic remembrance.