Shloka 30

Nīti-saṅgraha: Conduct, Association, Kali-yuga Decline, and the Supremacy of Vidyā

गच्छतस्तिष्ठतो वापि जाग्रतः स्वपतो न चेत् / सर्वसत्त्वहितार्थाय पशोरिव विचेष्टितम्

gacchatastiṣṭhato vāpi jāgrataḥ svapato na cet / sarvasattvahitārthāya paśoriva viceṣṭitam

നടക്കുകയോ നിൽക്കുകയോ, ജാഗരിക്കുകയോ ഉറങ്ങുകയോ ചെയ്താലും—സകലജീവികളുടെ ഹിതത്തിനായി ബോധം ഇല്ലെങ്കിൽ, ആ പ്രവർത്തി മൃഗത്തിന്റെ ചലനം മാത്രമാണ്.

गच्छतःof one who is going
गच्छतः:
Sambandha (Genitive relation/सम्बन्ध)
TypeVerb
Rootगम् (धातु) → गच्छत् (कृदन्त, शतृ)
Formवर्तमानकाले शतृ-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त; षष्ठी (6th), एकवचन; ‘गच्छतः’ = ‘of one who is going’
तिष्ठतःof one who is standing
तिष्ठतः:
Sambandha (Genitive relation/सम्बन्ध)
TypeVerb
Rootस्था (धातु) → तिष्ठत् (कृदन्त, शतृ)
Formवर्तमानकाले शतृ-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त; षष्ठी (6th), एकवचन; ‘of one who is standing’
वाor
वा:
Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा (अव्यय)
Formविकल्पार्थक अव्यय (disjunctive particle: ‘or’)
अपिalso, even
अपि:
Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय/अपि-भावार्थक अव्यय (also/even)
जाग्रतःof one who is awake
जाग्रतः:
Sambandha (Genitive relation/सम्बन्ध)
TypeVerb
Rootजागृ (धातु) → जाग्रत् (कृदन्त, शतृ)
Formवर्तमानकाले शतृ-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त; षष्ठी (6th), एकवचन; ‘of one who is awake’
स्वपतःof one who is sleeping
स्वपतः:
Sambandha (Genitive relation/सम्बन्ध)
TypeVerb
Rootस्वप् (धातु) → स्वपत् (कृदन्त, शतृ)
Formवर्तमानकाले शतृ-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त; षष्ठी (6th), एकवचन; ‘of one who is sleeping’
not
:
Sambandha (Negation/निषेध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formनिषेधार्थक अव्यय (negation)
चेत्if
चेत्:
Sambandha (Condition/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootचेत् (अव्यय)
Formशर्तार्थक अव्यय (conditional particle: ‘if’)
सर्वसत्त्वहितार्थायfor the welfare-purpose of all beings
सर्वसत्त्वहितार्थाय:
Sampradana (Recipient/Purpose/सम्प्रदान)
TypeNoun
Rootसर्व (प्रातिपदिक) + सत्त्व (प्रातिपदिक) + हित (प्रातिपदिक) + अर्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, चतुर्थी (4th), एकवचन; सम्प्रदान (dative: ‘for the sake of’); समासः: सर्वसत्त्वानां हितस्य अर्थः (purpose of welfare of all beings)
पशोःof an animal
पशोः:
Sambandha (Genitive relation/सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootपशु (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th), एकवचन; उपमान-सम्बन्ध (as of an animal)
इवlike
इव:
Sambandha (Comparison/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव (अव्यय)
Formउपमार्थक अव्यय (like/as)
विचेष्टितम्behavior, activity (done)
विचेष्टितम्:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootवि + चेष्ट् (धातु) → विचेष्टित (कृदन्त, क्त)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त; नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; ‘(it is) acted/behaved’ (elliptic predicate)

Lord Vishnu (in instruction to Garuda/Vinata-putra)

Concept: Intentionality oriented to sarva-sattva-hita distinguishes meaningful human action from mere animal activity.

Vedantic Theme: Karma becomes purifying when aligned with loka-saṅgraha and sattvic intention; otherwise it binds.

Application: Before actions (work, speech, consumption), ask: does this support the welfare of beings? Cultivate compassion and responsibility.

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: bibhatsa

Related Themes: Garuda Purana ethical admonitions: human birth’s purpose, compassion, dharma as distinguishing mark

FAQs

This verse states that actions become truly meaningful only when guided by conscious intent for universal welfare; otherwise, they are reduced to instinctive, animal-like behavior.

By emphasizing conscious, dharmic intention, it implies that inner orientation—not mere activity—shapes one’s moral trajectory, which in Garuda Purana ethics directly conditions karmic outcomes.

Cultivate mindfulness and compassion in daily routines—work, rest, and relationships—so actions serve others’ well-being rather than remaining automatic or self-centered.