Shloka 15

Nītisāra: Virtuous Association, Household Dharma, and Kāla (Time) as the Supreme Regulator

स बन्धुर्यो हिते युक्तः स पिता यस्तु पोषकः / तन्मित्रं यत्र विश्वासः स देशो यत्र जीव्यते

sa bandhuryo hite yuktaḥ sa pitā yastu poṣakaḥ / tanmitraṃ yatra viśvāsaḥ sa deśo yatra jīvyate

ഹിതത്തിനായി നിൽക്കുന്നവൻ ബന്ധു; പോഷിപ്പിച്ച് വളർത്തുന്നവൻ പിതാവ്. വിശ്വാസമുള്ളിടമാണ് മിത്രം; മാനത്തോടും സുരക്ഷയോടും ജീവിക്കാനാകുന്നിടമാണ് ദേശം।

सःhe/that (person)
सः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; सर्वनाम
बन्धुःa true relative/friend
बन्धुः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootबन्धु (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन
यःwho
यः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; सम्बन्ध-सर्वनाम (relative pronoun)
हितेin welfare/benefit (in what is good)
हिते:
Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootहित (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (अधिकरण), एकवचन
युक्तःengaged, devoted
युक्तः:
Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootयुज् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त-प्रत्यय)
Formभूतकृदन्त (क्त-प्रत्यय), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषण
सःhe/that (person)
सः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; सर्वनाम
पिताfather
पिता:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootपितृ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन
यःwho
यः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; सम्बन्ध-सर्वनाम
तुindeed, but
तु:
Sambandha (Particle/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु (अव्यय)
Formविरोध/विशेषण-अव्यय (particle: but/indeed)
पोषकःnourisher, supporter
पोषकः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootपोषक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन
तत्that
तत्:
Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; सर्वनाम-विशेषण
मित्रम्friend
मित्रम्:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootमित्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन
यत्रwhere
यत्र:
Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयत्र (अव्यय)
Formदेश-अव्यय (relative adverb: where)
विश्वासःtrust, confidence
विश्वासः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootविश्वास (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन
सःthat
सः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; सर्वनाम
देशःplace, country
देशः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootदेश (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन
यत्रwhere
यत्र:
Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयत्र (अव्यय)
Formदेश-अव्यय (relative adverb: where)
जीव्यतेone lives / is lived
जीव्यते:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootजीव् (धातु)
Formलट् (वर्तमान), आत्मनेपद, प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन; कर्मणि-प्रयोग (passive)

Lord Viṣṇu (in instruction to Garuḍa)

Concept: Definitions by function: relative = one committed to your welfare; father = nurturer; friend = where trust exists; homeland = where one can truly live (securely and honorably).

Vedantic Theme: Guṇa/karma-based valuation over nāma-rūpa labels; dharmic relationality as support for inner steadiness (śama).

Application: Prioritize relationships that provide genuine care; cultivate trustworthiness; choose environments (work/community) that support ethical living and safety.

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: karuna

Type: settlement/region

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.108 (nīti on social roles and true markers)

FAQs

This verse defines relationships by dharmic function—welfare, nourishment, and trust—showing that moral reliability, not mere labels, makes someone truly a relative, father, or friend.

Indirectly, it supports the broader Garuda Purana ethic that right living and dependable bonds uphold dharma—foundational for good karma that shapes one’s post-death journey described elsewhere in the text.

Evaluate relationships by actions: choose companions who protect your well-being, cultivate trustworthiness, fulfill duties of care, and live where you can practice dharma safely and steadily.