Shloka 108
Vaṃśānuvārṇana and the Transition to the Fourth (Upasaṃhāra) Pada
Devanagari script
बृहदाद्यानि सामानि कनिष्ठान्सप्त तान्विदुः / सप्त लोकाः पवित्रास्ते भ्राजिताः सप्तसिंधवः
Transliteration
bṛhadādyāni sāmāni kaniṣṭhānsapta tānviduḥ / sapta lokāḥ pavitrāste bhrājitāḥ saptasiṃdhavaḥ
Translation
ബൃഹദ് മുതലായ സാമങ്ങളിൽ കനിഷ്ഠമായവ ഏഴെന്ന് അറിയപ്പെടുന്നു. ആ ഏഴ് ലോകങ്ങൾ പവിത്രം; ദീപ്തമായ ഏഴ് സിന്ധുക്കൾ (നദികൾ) കൂടിയുണ്ട്.
Word by Word
bṛhat-ādyānibeginning with the great (ones)
bṛhat-ādyāni:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootbṛhat + ādi (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन); tatpuruṣa: bṛhat as qualifier of ādi
sāmāniSāmans (Sāma hymns/chant-melodies)
sāmāni:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootsāman (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन)
kaniṣṭhānthe youngest/least (ones)
kaniṣṭhān:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootkaniṣṭha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Plural (बहुवचन)
saptaseven
sapta:
Saṅkhyā-viśeṣaṇa (संख्या-विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsapta (संख्या/प्रातिपदिक)
FormNumeral adjective; Masculine Accusative Plural agreeing with kaniṣṭhān
tānthose
tān:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Plural; pronoun
viduḥthey know / they regard
viduḥ:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootvid (धातु)
FormPerfect (लिट्), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Plural (बहुवचन); parasmaipada
saptaseven
sapta:
Saṅkhyā-viśeṣaṇa (संख्या-विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsapta (संख्या/प्रातिपदिक)
FormNumeral adjective; Masculine Nominative Plural agreeing with lokāḥ
lokāḥworlds
lokāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootloka (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन)
pavitrāḥpure, sanctifying
pavitrāḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootpavitra (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural; agreeing with lokāḥ
tethey/those
te:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural; pronoun
bhrājitāḥshining, illumined
bhrājitāḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootbhrāj (धातु)
FormPast passive participle (क्त/कृत), Masculine Nominative Plural; agreeing with lokāḥ/te
sapta-siṃdhavaḥthe seven rivers
sapta-siṃdhavaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootsapta + sindhu (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural; dvigu compound ‘seven rivers’