Shloka 21
Kiṃpuruṣa–Harivarṣa–Ilāvṛta-varṣa-varṇanam
Description of the Varṣas: Kiṃpuruṣa, Hari, and Ilāvṛta
Devanagari script
वृत्तभावास्समुद्रस्य महीमण्डलभावतः / आयामाः परिहीयन्ते चतुरस्रसमाः स्मृताः
Transliteration
vṛttabhāvāssamudrasya mahīmaṇḍalabhāvataḥ / āyāmāḥ parihīyante caturasrasamāḥ smṛtāḥ
Translation
സമുദ്രത്തിന്റെ വൃത്തസ്വഭാവവും ഭൂമണ്ഡലസ്വഭാവവും മൂലം അതിന്റെ വ്യാപ്തികൾ ക്രമേണ കുറയുന്നു; അവ ചതുരസ്രസമങ്ങളെന്നു സ്മൃതിയിൽ പറയുന്നു.
Word by Word
vṛtta-bhāvāḥcircular states/forms
vṛtta-bhāvāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootvṛtta (प्रातिपदिक) + bhāva (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन); षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (vṛttasya bhāvāḥ)
samudrasyaof the ocean
samudrasya:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootsamudra (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular (एकवचन)
mahī-maṇḍala-bhāvataḥdue to the state of the earth-disc
mahī-maṇḍala-bhāvataḥ:
Hetu (हेतु/Cause)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootmahī (प्रातिपदिक) + maṇḍala (प्रातिपदिक) + bhāva (प्रातिपदिक)
FormAblative adverbial (तसिल्/ablatival sense) formed from bhāvataḥ; ‘because of/from the condition of’; internal compound: mahīmaṇḍala (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष) + bhāva (तत्पुरुष)
āyāmāḥextensions/dimensions
āyāmāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootāyāma (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन)
parihīyantediminish/are reduced
parihīyante:
Kriyā (क्रिया/Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootpari + hā (धाातु)
FormPresent tense (लट्), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Plural (बहुवचन); Ātmanepada (आत्मनेपद); passive/intransitive sense ‘diminish’
caturasra-samāḥequal to a square (four-sided)
caturasra-samāḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootcaturasra (प्रातिपदिक) + sama (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन); कर्मधारयः ‘caturasrā eva samāḥ’
smṛtāḥare said/are regarded
smṛtāḥ:
Kriyā (क्रिया/Predicative verbal)
TypeVerb
Rootsmṛ (धातु) → smṛta (कृदन्त)
FormPast passive participle (क्त/PPP), Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन); used predicatively ‘are said/considered’