Shloka 16
Aśauca-vidhi (Rules of Impurity) within Śrāddha-kalpa — Chapter on Testing/Selecting Brahmanas and Honoring the Atithi
Devanagari script
वानप्रस्थो गृहस्थश्च सतामभ्यागतो यथा / वालखिल्यो यतिश्चैव विज्ञेयो ह्यतिथिः सदा
Transliteration
vānaprastho gṛhasthaśca satāmabhyāgato yathā / vālakhilyo yatiścaiva vijñeyo hyatithiḥ sadā
Translation
സജ്ജന്മാരുടെ വീട്ടിലേക്കു വരുന്ന വാനപ്രസ്ഥനോ ഗൃഹസ്ഥനോ, വാലഖില്യനും യതിയും—ഇവരെല്ലാം എന്നും ‘അതിഥി’ എന്നറിയണം।
Word by Word
vānaprasthaḥa forest-dweller (vānaprastha)
vānaprasthaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootvāna + prastha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः ‘वनस्य प्रस्थः/वनप्रस्थः’ (forest-dweller, 3rd āśrama)
gṛhasthaḥa householder
gṛhasthaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootgṛhastha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः ‘गृहे स्थः’
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयबोधक अव्यय (conjunction)
satāmof the good (people)
satām:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootsat (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), बहुवचन; ‘of the good/virtuous’
abhyāgataḥone who has arrived (a visitor)
abhyāgataḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeAdjective
Rootabhi-ā-gata (कृदन्त; √gam)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; क्त (past participle) ‘arrived/come’
yathāas/just like
yathā:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/comparative)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootyathā (अव्यय)
Formउपमान/प्रकारवाचक अव्यय (as/just as)
vālakhilyaḥa Vālakhilya (sage)
vālakhilyaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootvālakhilya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन (name of a class of sages)
yatiḥan ascetic
yatiḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootyati (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयबोधक अव्यय (conjunction)
evaindeed
eva:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rooteva (अव्यय)
Formअवधारणार्थक अव्यय (emphatic particle)
vijñeyaḥshould be recognized
vijñeyaḥ:
Kriyā (क्रिया/Predicative)
TypeVerb
Rootvi-√jñā (धातु)
Formकर्तव्यतार्थक कृदन्त (gerundive) -य (यत्/अनीयर्-समर्थ), पुंलिङ्ग प्रथमा एकवचन; ‘should be known/recognized’
hiindeed
hi:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Roothi (अव्यय)
Formनिश्चयार्थक अव्यय (particle)
atithiḥa guest
atithiḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootatithi (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
sadāalways
sadā:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण/Adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootsadā (अव्यय)
Formकालवाचक अव्यय (adverb of time)