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Shloka 14

The Forest of Material Existence: Jaḍa Bharata Instructs King Rahūgaṇa

तांस्तान् विपन्नान् स हि तत्र तत्र विहाय जातं परिगृह्य सार्थ: । आवर्ततेऽद्यापि न कश्चिदत्र वीराध्वन: पारमुपैति योगम् ॥ १४ ॥

tāṁs tān vipannān sa hi tatra tatra vihāya jātaṁ parigṛhya sārthaḥ āvartate ’dyāpi na kaścid atra vīrādhvanaḥ pāram upaiti yogam

ഹേ രാജാവേ, ഭൗതികജീവിതത്തിന്റെ വനപഥത്തിൽ മനുഷ്യൻ ആദ്യം പിതാമാതാക്കളെ നഷ്ടപ്പെടുന്നു; അവരുടെ മരണത്തിനു ശേഷം പുതുതായി ജനിച്ച മക്കളിൽ ആസക്തനാകുന്നു. ഇങ്ങനെ ഭൗതിക പുരോഗതിയുടെ വഴിയിൽ അലഞ്ഞ് അവസാനം ലജ്ജിതനായി കുടുങ്ങുന്നു; എങ്കിലും മരണവരെ ഇതിൽ നിന്ന് പുറത്തുകടക്കാനുള്ള മാർഗം ആരും അറിയുന്നില്ല।

तान्those
तान्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (कर्म), बहुवचन; सर्वनाम-रूप (Pronoun)
तान्those (each and every)
तान्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; पुनरुक्ति-प्रयोग (emphatic repetition)
विपन्नान्ruined, distressed
विपन्नान्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootवि+पद् (धातु) → विपन्न (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक, क्त/क्तवत्-भाव)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; भूतकृदन्त (past participle)
सःhe
सः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; सर्वनाम (Pronoun)
हिindeed
हि:
Sambandha/Particle (निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि (अव्यय)
Formनिपात (particle), अवधान/हेतु-सूचक (indeed/for)
तत्रthere
तत्र:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय, देशवाचक क्रियाविशेषण (locative adverb: there)
तत्रhere and there
तत्र:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय, पुनरुक्ति (here and there)
विहायhaving left
विहाय:
Kriya-viseshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवि+हा (धातु) → विहाय (क्त्वान्त/अव्ययभाव)
Formक्त्वान्त अव्यय (gerund), पूर्वकालिक क्रिया (having abandoned)
जातम्what has arisen (a new one)
जातम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootजन् (धातु) → जात (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक, क्त)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; भूतकृदन्त (that which is born/produced)
परिगृह्यhaving taken up
परिगृह्य:
Kriya-viseshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपरि+ग्रह् (धातु) → परिगृह्य (क्त्वान्त)
Formक्त्वान्त अव्यय (gerund), पूर्वकालिक क्रिया (having taken/accepted)
सार्थःthe caravan/merchant-leader
सार्थः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootसार्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन
आवर्ततेturns back, revolves
आवर्तते:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootआ+वृत् (धातु)
Formलट्-लकार (present), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; आत्मनेपद
अद्यापिeven now, still
अद्यापि:
Kriya-viseshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअद्य + अपि (अव्यय-समुच्चय)
Formअव्यय, कालवाचक+समुच्चय (even today/still)
not
:
Particle (निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formनिषेध-निपात (negation)
कश्चित्anyone
कश्चित्:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootक (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) + चित् (निपात)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; अनिश्चित-सर्वनाम (indefinite pronoun: someone/anyone)
अत्रhere
अत्र:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअत्र (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय, देशवाचक क्रियाविशेषण (here)
वीराध्वनःof the heroic path
वीराध्वनः:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootवीर + अध्वन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (वीरस्य अध्वा); पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति, एकवचन
पारम्the far shore, the end
पारम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootपार (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन
उपैतिreaches, attains
उपैति:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootउप+इ (धातु)
Formलट्-लकार (present), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद
योगम्union/discipline (yoga)
योगम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootयोग (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

In this material world, family life is an institution of sex. Yan maithunādi-gṛhamedhi-sukham ( Bhāg. 7.9.45 ). Through sex, the father and mother beget children, and the children get married and go down the same path of sexual life. After the death of the father and mother, the children get married and beget their own children. Thus generation after generation these things go on in the same way without anyone’s attaining liberation from the embarrassment of material life. No one accepts the spiritual processes of knowledge and renunciation, which end in bhakti-yoga. Actually human life is meant for jñāna and vairāgya, knowledge and renunciation. Through these one can attain the platform of devotional service. Unfortunately people in this age avoid the association of liberated people ( sādhu-saṅga ) and continue in their stereotyped way of family life. Thus they are embarrassed by the exchange of money and sex.

J
Jaḍa Bharata
K
King Rahūgaṇa

FAQs

This verse says that like a caravan that abandons the fallen and keeps moving for new gains, worldly life simply revolves; by such material movement one does not reach the far shore—real yoga or liberation.

He uses the caravan as an analogy to show King Rahūgaṇa that material society pursues gain and keeps moving, but it cannot deliver the soul from the dangerous road of repeated birth and death.

Recognize that constant “progress” and accumulation cannot satisfy the soul; prioritize spiritual practice and devotion over endless worldly chasing, aiming for true yoga—connection with the Supreme.