Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 13

Paraśurāma Avenges Jamadagni; Restoration Through Sacrifice; Viśvāmitra’s Line and Devarāta (Śunaḥśepha)

रेणुका दु:खशोकार्ता निघ्नन्त्यात्मानमात्मना । राम रामेति तातेति विचुक्रोशोच्चकै: सती ॥ १३ ॥

reṇukā duḥkha-śokārtā nighnanty ātmānam ātmanā rāma rāmeti tāteti vicukrośoccakaiḥ satī

ദുഃഖത്താലും ശോകത്താലും തളർന്ന പതിവ്രതയായ രേണുക സ്വന്തം ശരീരം തല്ലിച്ചതച്ചുകൊണ്ട്, 'ഹേ രാമാ! ഹേ രാമാ! മകനേ!' എന്ന് ഉറക്കെ നിലവിളിച്ചു.

रेणुकाReṇukā
रेणुका:
कर्ता (Karta/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootरेणुका (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन
दुःख-शोक-आर्ताafflicted with grief and sorrow
दुःख-शोक-आर्ता:
विशेषण (of कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootदुःख (प्रातिपदिक) + शोक (प्रातिपदिक) + आर्त (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसमासः (tatpuruṣa/elliptic): दुःखेन शोकनेन च आर्ता; स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘रेणुका’ विशेषणम्
निघ्नन्तीshe strikes/kills
निघ्नन्ती:
क्रिया (मुख्यक्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootनि-हन् (धातु)
Formलट् (present), प्रथमपुरुषार्थे वर्तमानकाले; स्त्रीलिङ्गे प्रथमा एकवचन वर्तमानकृदन्तवत् (present participle-like finite usage in poetry); परस्मैपदम्
आत्मानम्herself
आत्मानम्:
कर्म (Karma/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
आत्मनाby herself
आत्मना:
करण (Karaṇa/करण)
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन; करणम्
रामO Rāma!
राम:
सम्बोधन (Address/सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootराम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (8th/सम्बोधन), एकवचन
राम-इति‘Rāma’—thus
राम-इति:
वाक्यचिह्न (उद्धरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootराम (प्रातिपदिक) + इति (अव्यय)
Formइति—उद्धरण/वाक्यपरिसमाप्तिसूचक अव्यय (quotative particle)
तात-इति‘dear son!’—thus
तात-इति:
वाक्यचिह्न (उद्धरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतात (प्रातिपदिक) + इति (अव्यय)
Formइति—उद्धरणाव्यय; ‘तात’ सम्बोधनार्थक शब्दः
विचुक्रोशshe cried out
विचुक्रोश:
क्रिया (मुख्यक्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootवि-क्रुश् (धातु)
Formलिट् (perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपदम्
उच्चकैःloudly
उच्चकैः:
क्रियाविशेषण (Adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootउच्चकैस् (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (adverb)
सतीthe chaste woman
सती:
कर्ता (apposition)
TypeNoun
Rootसत् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘सती’ = virtuous woman (apposition to Reṇukā)
R
Reṇukā
R
Rāma (Paraśurāma)

FAQs

This verse shows Renukā’s intense, human sorrow—so overwhelming that she tries to end her life—yet her heart instinctively calls out to her son Rāma, revealing how deep attachment and anguish manifest in crisis.

Renukā, devastated by the calamity befalling her family, cries out to her son Rāma (Paraśurāma) in desperation, calling him repeatedly and addressing him tenderly as “tāta,” indicating maternal anguish and helplessness.

The verse acknowledges that grief can become extreme; the takeaway is to seek support and shelter—turning one’s cry toward the divine and toward righteous help—rather than being consumed by despair.