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Shloka 1

Bhṛgu Tests the Trimūrti; Kṛṣṇa and Arjuna Visit Mahā-Viṣṇu and Recover the Brāhmaṇa’s Sons

Devanagari script

श्रीशुक उवाच सरस्वत्यास्तटे राजन्नृषय: सत्रमासत । वितर्क: समभूत्तेषां त्रिष्वधीशेषु को महान् ॥ १ ॥

Transliteration

śrī-śuka uvāca sarasvatyās taṭe rājann ṛṣayaḥ satram āsata vitarkaḥ samabhūt teṣāṁ triṣv adhīśeṣu ko mahān

Translation

ശ്രീശുകൻ പറഞ്ഞു— രാജാവേ! സരസ്വതീ നദീതീരത്ത് ഋഷിമാർ സത്രയജ്ഞം നടത്തിക്കൊണ്ടിരിക്കെ, മൂന്നു പ്രധാന ദേവന്മാരിൽ ആരാണ് പരമൻ എന്ന വിഷയത്തിൽ അവരിൽ തർക്കം ഉയർന്നു।

Synonyms
śrī-śukaḥŚrī Śuka
śrī-śukaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootśrī + śuka (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); समास: श्री+शुक (उपाधि-युक्त नाम)
uvācasaid
uvāca:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√vac (वच् धातु)
FormPerfect (लिट्), 3rd Person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन); Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद)
sarasvatyāḥof Sarasvatī (river)
sarasvatyāḥ:
Sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootsarasvatī (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular (एकवचन)
taṭeon the bank
taṭe:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Roottaṭa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular (एकवचन)
rājanO king
rājan:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootrājan (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Vocative (8th/सम्बोधन), Singular (एकवचन)
ṛṣayaḥsages
ṛṣayaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootṛṣi (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन)
satrama sacrificial session
satram:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootsatra (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)
āsatasat / were seated
āsata:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√ās (आस् धातु)
FormImperfect (लङ्), 3rd Person (प्रथमपुरुष), Plural (बहुवचन); Ātmanepada (आत्मनेपद)
vitarkaḥa deliberation / doubt
vitarkaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootvitarka (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
samabhūtarose / occurred
samabhūt:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√bhū (भू धातु) with sam- (उपसर्ग)
FormAorist (लुङ्), 3rd Person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन); Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद)
teṣāmof them
teṣām:
Sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Plural (बहुवचन); pronoun
triṣuamong the three
triṣu:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Roottri (संख्याप्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine/Neuter (पुं/नपुंसक), Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Plural (बहुवचन); numeral adjective
adhīśeṣuamong the lords
adhīśeṣu:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootadhīśa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Plural (बहुवचन)
kaḥwho?
kaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootkim (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); interrogative pronoun
mahāngreat
mahān:
Kartṛ-samānādhikaraṇa (कर्तृ-समानााधिकरण)
TypeAdjective
Rootmahat (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
Purport

The three chief deities mentioned here are Lord Viṣṇu, Lord Brahmā and Lord Śiva.

Characters & Entities
Ś
Śukadeva Gosvāmī
K
King Parīkṣit
S
Sarasvatī (River)
Ṛ
Ṛṣis (Sages)

FAQs

This verse introduces the sages’ inquiry about the greatest among the three controllers, setting up the Bhagavatam’s conclusion that the Supreme Lord (Viṣṇu/Nārāyaṇa, ultimately Kṛṣṇa) is supreme.

Śukadeva narrates the sages’ deliberation to establish theological clarity about divine supremacy, which becomes relevant to the ensuing episode where the sages seek a decisive answer.

It encourages sincere inquiry and scriptural discussion to resolve confusion about faith and practice, guiding one toward steady devotion to the Supreme Lord.

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