Shloka 41
Vasudeva and Devakī Glorify Kṛṣṇa and Balarāma; The Recovery of Devakī’s Six Sons from Sutala
दैत्यदानवगन्धर्वा: सिद्धविद्याध्रचारणा: । यक्षरक्ष:पिशाचाश्च भूतप्रमथनायका: ॥ ४१ ॥ विशुद्धसत्त्वधाम्न्यद्धा त्वयि शास्त्रशरीरिणि । नित्यं निबद्धवैरास्ते वयं चान्ये च तादृशा: ॥ ४२ ॥ केचनोद्बद्धवैरेण भक्त्या केचन कामत: । न तथा सत्त्वसंरब्धा: सन्निकृष्टा: सुरादय: ॥ ४३ ॥
daitya-dānava-gandharvāḥ siddha-vidyādhra-cāraṇāḥ yakṣa-rakṣaḥ-piśācāś ca bhūta-pramatha-nāyakāḥ
ദൈത്യർ, ദാനവർ, ഗന്ധർവർ, സിദ്ധർ, വിദ്യാധരർ, ചാരണർ, യക്ഷർ, രാക്ഷസർ, പിശാചർ, ഭൂതർ, പ്രമഥർ, നായകർ—ഇവരും, ഞങ്ങളും ഞങ്ങളുപോലെയുള്ള പലരും, നിത്യം നിങ്ങളോടുള്ള വൈരത്തിൽ ബന്ധിതരായിരുന്നിട്ടും, അവസാനം നിങ്ങളിലേക്കു തന്നെ ആകർഷിതരായി; കാരണം നിങ്ങൾ വിശുദ്ധ-സത്ത്വത്തിന്റെ ധാമമാണ്, നിങ്ങളുടെ ദിവ്യരൂപം തന്നെയാണ് ശാസ്ത്രങ്ങളുടെ സാക്ഷാത് ശരീരം. ചിലർ അത്യുഗ്ര വൈരത്താൽ, ചിലർ കാമാശ്രിത ഭക്തിഭാവത്താൽ നിങ്ങളിലേക്കു വന്നു; എന്നാൽ ഭൗതിക സത്ത്വത്തിൽ മോഹിതരായ ദേവന്മാർ മുതലായവർക്ക് അത്തരം ആകർഷണം ഉണ്ടാകുന്നില്ല।
Śrīla Jīva Gosvāmī explains this passage as follows: The Gandharvas, Siddhas, Vidyādharas and Cāraṇas are adversaries of the Supreme Lord when they follow the lead of the Daitya and Dānava demons. The Yakṣas, Rākṣasas, Piśācas and so on tend to be inimical because they are generally covered by ignorance. There are some rascals in the pure mode of ignorance, like Śiśupāla and Pauṇḍraka, who are totally absorbed in meditation on the Lord as their enemy, and this fixed consciousness earns them liberation. Others, in a mixed condition of passion and ignorance, associate with the Lord with a desire for position and prestige; Mahārāja Bali sees himself as belonging to this category. Yet Lord Viṣṇu favored Bali by becoming his doorkeeper in the subterranean region of Sutala, just as He favored the demons by killing and liberating them, and the Gandharvas by engaging them in singing His glories. On the other hand, the Lord awards sense gratification to those demigods who are proud of their being situated in the mode of goodness; thus they become deluded and forget Him.
FAQs
The verse names many classes of celestial and subterranean beings—Daityas, Dānavas, Gandharvas, Siddhas, Vidyādharas, Cāraṇas, Yakṣas, Rākṣasas, Piśācas, and leaders of Bhūtas and Pramathas—showing the vast range of personalities present to glorify Kṛṣṇa.
Bhāgavata theology emphasizes that Kṛṣṇa’s supremacy draws all categories of beings; even those known for tamasic tendencies can participate in glorification when confronted with the Lord’s transcendental presence.
Spiritual progress is not limited by social or cosmic status—what matters is turning one’s attention toward the Supreme through hearing and glorification.