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Shloka 5

Balarāma Humbles the Kurus and Rescues Sāmba

इति कर्ण: शलो भूरिर्यज्ञकेतु: सुयोधन: । साम्बमारेभिरे योद्धुं कुरुवृद्धानुमोदिता: ॥ ५ ॥

iti karṇaḥ śalo bhūrir yajñaketuḥ suyodhanaḥ sāmbam ārebhire yoddhuṁ kuru-vṛddhānumoditāḥ

ഇങ്ങനെ പറഞ്ഞ്, കുരുവംശത്തിലെ മുതിർന്നവരുടെ അനുമതി നേടി കർണൻ, ശലൻ, ഭൂരി, യജ്ഞകേതു, സുയോധനൻ എന്നിവർ സാമ്ബനോട് യുദ്ധിക്കാൻ പുറപ്പെട്ടു।

इतिthus
इति:
Vākyārtha-dyotaka (वाक्यार्थद्योतक)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति (अव्यय)
Formउक्त्यर्थक/इत्यादि-निर्देशक अव्यय (quotative particle)
कर्णःKarna
कर्णः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootकर्ण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
शलःŚala
शलः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootशल (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
भूरिःBhūri
भूरिः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootभूरि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
यज्ञकेतुःYajñaketu
यज्ञकेतुः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootयज्ञ (प्रातिपदिक) + केतु (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (यज्ञस्य केतुः)
सुयोधनःSuyodhana (Duryodhana)
सुयोधनः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootसु (उपसर्गवत्) + योधन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; कर्मधारयः (सु + योधनः = ‘good fighter’, proper name)
साम्बम्Sāmba
साम्बम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootसाम्ब (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
आरेभिरेbegan, undertook
आरेभिरे:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootरभ् (धातु; आ+रभ्)
Formलिट् (Perfect/परोक्षभूत), आत्मनेपद, प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन
योद्धुम्to fight
योद्धुम्:
Prayojana (प्रयोजन)
TypeVerb
Rootयुध् (धातु)
Formतुमुन्-प्रत्ययान्त (Infinitive/तुमर्थ), अव्ययवत्
कुरु-वृद्ध-अनुमोदिताःapproved by the Kuru elders
कुरु-वृद्ध-अनुमोदिताः:
Karta-anvaya (कर्तृविशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootकुरु (प्रातिपदिक) + वृद्ध (प्रातिपदिक) + अनुमोदित (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; अनु+मुद् धातोः क्त)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; समासः षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (कुरुवृद्धैः अनुमोदिताः = ‘approved by the Kuru elders’); विशेषण of (कर्णः शलः भूरिः ... understood as plural group)

Śrīla Viśvanātha Cakravartī Ṭhākura explains that the elder of the Kurus mentioned here is Bhīṣma, who gave permission to the younger men as follows: “Since this maiden has now been touched by Sāmba, she cannot take any other husband. He must become her husband. Nonetheless, you should arrest him and tie him up to make a statement about his impropriety and our own prowess. But in no case should he be killed.” The ācārya also adds that Bhīṣma accompanied the five warriors mentioned in this verse.

K
Karṇa
Ś
Śala
B
Bhūri
Y
Yajñaketu
S
Suyodhana (Duryodhana)
S
Sāmba

FAQs

This verse states that Karṇa, Duryodhana and their allies, with the approval of the Kuru elders, initiated combat against Sāmba as the Kurus moved to oppose him in the unfolding conflict.

Śukadeva Gosvāmī is narrating these events to Mahārāja Parīkṣit.

Even when an action is socially “approved,” it may still be driven by rivalry and anger; a devotee should seek dharmic counsel, restrain hostility, and avoid escalating conflicts.