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Shloka 33

Balarāma Humbles the Kurus and Rescues Sāmba

अहो यदून् सुसंरब्धान् कृष्णं च कुपितं शनै: । सान्‍त्‍वयित्वाहमेतेषां शममिच्छन्निहागत: ॥ ३२ ॥ त इमे मन्दमतय: कलहाभिरता: खला: । तं मामवज्ञाय मुहुर्दुर्भाषान् मानिनोऽब्रुवन् ॥ ३३ ॥

aho yadūn su-saṁrabdhān kṛṣṇaṁ ca kupitaṁ śanaiḥ sāntvayitvāham eteṣāṁ śamam icchann ihāgataḥ

അഹോ! അത്യന്തം ക്രുദ്ധരായ യദുക്കളെയും കുപിതനായ ശ്രീകൃഷ്ണനെയും ഞാൻ ക്രമേണ ശാന്തിപ്പിച്ചു. ഈ കൗരവർക്ക് സമാധാനം വരണമെന്നാഗ്രഹിച്ച് ഞാൻ ഇവിടെ വന്നു; എന്നാൽ ഇവർ മന്ദബുദ്ധികളും കലഹപ്രിയരും ദുഷ്ടസ്വഭാവികളും—എന്നെ പുനഃപുനഃ അവമാനിച്ച് അഹങ്കാരത്തോടെ കടുത്ത വാക്കുകൾ പറഞ്ഞു.

अहोalas!/oh!
अहो:
Sambodhana/Exclamation (उद्गार)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootaho (अव्यय)
FormExclamation/particle (उद्गार-अव्यय)
यदून्the Yadus
यदून्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootyadu (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Plural (बहुवचन)
सु-संरब्धान्very enraged
सु-संरब्धान्:
Viśeṣaṇa of Karma (कर्म-विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsu- + saṁrabdha (कृदन्त; √rabh/रभ् with सम्, past participle)
FormMasculine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Plural; past passive participle used adjectivally; intensifier prefix सु- (very)
कृष्णम्Krishna
कृष्णम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootkṛṣṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)
and
:
Connector (समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormConjunction (समुच्चय-अव्यय)
कुपितम्angry
कुपितम्:
Viśeṣaṇa of Karma (कर्म-विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootkupita (कृदन्त; √kup/कुप्, past participle)
FormMasculine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular; past participle used adjectivally
शनैःgently/gradually
शनैः:
Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootśanaiḥ (अव्यय)
FormAdverb (क्रियाविशेषण-अव्यय)
सान्त्वयित्वाhaving pacified
सान्त्वयित्वा:
Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकाल-क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootsāntvay (धातु √sāntvay/सान्त्वय्) + ktvā (क्त्वा)
FormAbsolutive/Gerund (क्त्वान्त), expressing prior action
अहम्I
अहम्:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootaham (प्रातिपदिक सर्वनाम)
FormPronoun, 1st person; Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular
एतेषाम्of these (people)
एतेषाम्:
Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootetad (प्रातिपदिक सर्वनाम)
FormPronoun; Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Plural
शमम्peace/appeasement
शमम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootśama (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular
इच्छन्wishing
इच्छन्:
Karta-viśeṣaṇa (कर्ता-विशेषण)
TypeVerb
Rootiṣ (धातु √iṣ/इष्) present participle (शतृ)
FormPresent active participle (शतृ), Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; agrees with अहम्
इहhere
इह:
Deśa-adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiha (अव्यय)
FormAdverb (देशवाचक-अव्यय)
आगतःhave come
आगतः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeVerb
Rootā-gam (धातु √gam/गम् with आ) past participle (क्त)
FormPast active participle (क्त), Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; used as finite sense with अहम्
तेthey
ते:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottad (प्रातिपदिक सर्वनाम)
FormPronoun; Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (masculine)
इमेthese
इमे:
Apposition to Karta (कर्ता-समनाधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootidam (प्रातिपदिक सर्वनाम)
FormPronoun; Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (masculine)
मन्द-मतयःdull-witted
मन्द-मतयः:
Viśeṣaṇa of Karta (कर्ता-विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootmanda (प्रातिपदिक) + mati (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural; compound meaning 'having dull intellect'
कलह-अभिरताःfond of quarrel
कलह-अभिरताः:
Viśeṣaṇa of Karta (कर्ता-विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootkalaha (प्रातिपदिक) + abhirata (कृदन्त; √ram/रम् with अभि, past participle used adjectivally)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural; locative/obj-relation in compound: 'delighting in quarrel'
खलाःwicked men
खलाः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootkhala (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural
तम्him
तम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Roottad (प्रातिपदिक सर्वनाम)
FormPronoun; Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (masculine)
माम्me
माम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootasmad (प्रातिपदिक सर्वनाम)
FormPronoun; Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular
अवज्ञायhaving disrespected
अवज्ञाय:
Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकाल-क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootava-jñā (धातु √jñā/ज्ञा with अव) + ktvā (क्त्वा)
FormAbsolutive/Gerund (क्त्वान्त)
मुहुःagain and again
मुहुः:
Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootmuhuḥ (अव्यय)
FormAdverb (कालवाचक-अव्यय)
दुर्भाषान्insulting words
दुर्भाषान्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootdur- + bhāṣā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Plural; 'bad speeches/insults'
मानिनःproud
मानिनः:
Viśeṣaṇa of Karta (कर्ता-विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootmānin (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural
अब्रुवन्they spoke
अब्रुवन्:
Kriyā (मुख्यक्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootbrū (धातु √brū/ब्रू)
FormImperfect (लङ्), Parasmaipada, 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Plural (बहुवचन)
U
Uddhava
K
Krishna
Y
Yadus

FAQs

This verse shows Uddhava coming with the intention of śama (peace), aiming to pacify the enraged parties gradually through sāntvana (conciliation) rather than escalation.

Uddhava came specifically to prevent further conflict—seeing both the Yadus and Kṛṣṇa provoked, he sought to calm them and restore harmony.

When tempers rise on all sides, step in with a peace-focused intention, speak gently, and de-escalate gradually instead of reacting impulsively.