Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 21

Pradyumna’s Abduction, Mahā-māyā, and the Slaying of Śambara

स च मायां समाश्रित्य दैतेयीं मयदर्शितम् । मुमुचेऽस्‍त्रमयं वर्षं कार्ष्णौ वैहायसोऽसुर: ॥ २१ ॥

sa ca māyāṁ samāśritya daiteyīṁ maya-darśitam mumuce ’stra-mayaṁ varṣaṁ kārṣṇau vaihāyaso ’suraḥ

അസുരനായ ശംബരൻ മയദാനവൻ പഠിപ്പിച്ച ദൈത്യമായയെ ആശ്രയിച്ച് ആകാശത്തിൽ പ്രത്യക്ഷപ്പെട്ടു; കൃഷ്ണപുത്രന്റെ മേൽ ആയുധവർഷം ചൊരിഞ്ഞു।

सःhe (Śambara)
सः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गे प्रथमा-एकवचनम् (Nominative singular)
and
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयार्थक-निपातः (and)
मायाम्magic/illusion
मायाम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootमाया (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्गे द्वितीया-एकवचनम् (Accusative singular)
समाश्रित्यhaving resorted to
समाश्रित्य:
Kriya-viseshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-आ-श्रि (धातु) + ल्यप्
Formक्त्वान्त-अव्ययकृदन्तः (gerund): ‘having resorted to’
दैतेयीम्demonic (of the Daityas)
दैतेयीम्:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootदैतेयी (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्गे द्वितीया-एकवचनम् (Accusative singular; qualifying मायाम्)
मयदर्शितम्shown by Māyā (magic)
मयदर्शितम्:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootमया + दर्शित (प्रातिपदिक; PPP from √दृश्/दर्श्)
Formतृतीया-तत्पुरुषः (mayā darśitam: ‘shown by Māyā/Mayā’), नपुंसकलिङ्गे द्वितीया-एकवचनम् (agreeing with मायाम् understood as ‘that which is shown’)
मुमुचेreleased/let loose
मुमुचे:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootमुच् (धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect), आत्मनेपदम्, प्रथमपुरुषः, एकवचनम् (3rd sg)
अस्त्रमयम्made of weapons
अस्त्रमयम्:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootअस्त्र + मय (प्रातिपदिके)
Formतत्पुरुषः (astra-maya: ‘consisting of weapons’), नपुंसकलिङ्गे द्वितीया-एकवचनम् (agreeing with वर्षम्)
वर्षम्a shower/rain
वर्षम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootवर्ष (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्गे द्वितीया-एकवचनम् (Accusative singular)
कार्ष्णौupon Kāṛṣṇi (Pradyumna)
कार्ष्णौ:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootकार्ष्णि (प्रातिपदिक; patronymic/epithet of Pradyumna)
Formपुंलिङ्गे सप्तमी-एकवचनम् (Locative singular: upon Kāṛṣṇi)
वैहायसःsky-going
वैहायसः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootवैहायस (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गे प्रथमा-एकवचनम् (Nominative singular; ‘moving in the sky/airborne’)
असुरःthe demon
असुरः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootअसुर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गे प्रथमा-एकवचनम् (Nominative singular; apposition to सः)
Ś
Śambara
M
Maya Dānava
P
Pradyumna
K
Kṛṣṇa

FAQs

This verse shows an asura relying on Daitya-māyā—taught by Maya Dānava—to create an overwhelming ‘shower of weapons,’ illustrating how demonic power often operates through illusion and intimidation rather than devotion and truth.

In the narrative of Canto 10, Śambara opposes Kṛṣṇa’s lineage and seeks to destroy Pradyumna; resorting to sorcery and weapon-rain is his attempt to overpower the Lord’s son through fearsome, extraordinary force.

The verse highlights that threats may come as a ‘downpour’—sudden and intense—yet devotion teaches steadiness: take shelter of the Lord rather than panic, and meet adversity with clarity instead of being shaken by illusion.