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Shloka 19

Veṇu-gīta-āhvāna and the Gopīs’ Appeal: The Opening of Rāsa-līlā

रजन्येषा घोररूपा घोरसत्त्वनिषेविता । प्रतियात व्रजं नेह स्थेयं स्त्रीभि: सुमध्यमा: ॥ १९ ॥

rajany eṣā ghora-rūpā ghora-sattva-niṣevitā pratiyāta vrajaṁ neha stheyaṁ strībhiḥ su-madhyamāḥ

ഈ രാത്രി ഭയാനകമാണ്; ഭയങ്കര ജീവികൾ ഇവിടെ അലഞ്ഞുതിരിയുന്നു. ഓ സുന്ദര ഇടയുള്ളവരേ, വ്രജത്തിലേക്ക് മടങ്ങുക; സ്ത്രീകൾക്ക് ഇവിടെ താമസിക്കേണ്ടതല്ല।

rajaniḥnight
rajaniḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootrajani (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga, Prathamā (1st), Ekavacana
eṣāthis
eṣā:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeNoun
Rootetad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga, Prathamā (1st), Ekavacana
ghora-rūpāterrible-looking
ghora-rūpā:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootghora (प्रातिपदिक) + rūpa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga, Prathamā (1st), Ekavacana; karmadhāraya ‘of terrible form’ qualifying rajaniḥ
ghora-sattva-niṣevitāhaunted by fierce creatures
ghora-sattva-niṣevitā:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootghora (प्रातिपदिक) + sattva (प्रातिपदिक) + niṣevita (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक, क्त from ni-√sev)
FormStrīliṅga, Prathamā (1st), Ekavacana; tatpuruṣa: ‘frequented by terrible beings’ qualifying rajaniḥ
pratiyātareturn (you all)
pratiyāta:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootprati-√yā (धातु)
FormLoṭ lakāra (लोट्, imperative), Madhyama puruṣa (2nd), Bahuvacana
vrajamto Vraja
vrajam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootvraja (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṁliṅga, Dvitīyā (2nd), Ekavacana
nanot
na:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
FormNegation particle (निषेध-अव्यय)
ihahere
iha:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiha (अव्यय)
FormAdverb (देशवाचक-अव्यय)
stheyamto be stayed (should be stayed)
stheyam:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootsthā (धातु)
FormGerundive (तव्यत्/अनीयर् sense), Napuṁsaka, Prathamā (1st), Ekavacana; impersonal prohibition ‘it should not be stayed’
strībhiḥby women
strībhiḥ:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootstrī (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga, Tṛtīyā (3rd), Bahuvacana
su-madhyamāḥO slender-waisted ones
su-madhyamāḥ:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootsu (उपसर्ग/अव्यय) + madhyamā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga, Sambodhana/Prathamā Bahuvacana; bahuvrīhi ‘having beautiful waists’ used in address

Śrīla Viśvanātha Cakravartī Ṭhākura has written the following charming commentary on this verse:

Ś
Śrī Kṛṣṇa
G
Gopīs (Vraja-devīs)

FAQs

In 10.29.19, Kṛṣṇa points out the danger of the night and tells the gopīs to return to Vraja, setting up a loving test that highlights the depth and purity of their bhakti.

After calling them with His flute, Kṛṣṇa speaks in a way that appears discouraging—citing propriety and danger—so the gopīs’ unwavering, selfless devotion can be revealed and glorified.

True devotion is steady even when challenged; at the same time, spiritual life should be practiced with discernment, responsibility, and respect for appropriate conduct.