आत्यन्तिक-लयहेतुः: तापत्रय-विवेचनम् तथा ‘भगवान्/वासुदेव’ शब्दार्थः
Threefold Suffering and the Path to Final Liberation; Meaning of Bhagavān and Vāsudeva
अज्ञानं तामसो भावः कार्यारम्भाप्रवृत्तयः अज्ञानिनां प्रवर्तन्ते कर्मलोपास् ततो द्विज
ajñānaṃ tāmaso bhāvaḥ kāryārambhāpravṛttayaḥ ajñānināṃ pravartante karmalopās tato dvija
ອະວິຊາແມ່ນສະພາບແຫ່ງຕະມັສ. ຈາກນັ້ນເກີດແຮງຜັກດັນທີ່ຮີບເຮັດໃຫ້ເລີ່ມການກະທຳ; ຜູ້ບໍ່ຮູ້ຈຶ່ງຖືກຂັບໃຫ້ເຂົ້າສູ່ການເລີ່ມວຽກ, ແລະຈາກນັ້ນ, ໂອ ຜູ້ເກີດສອງຄັ້ງ, ເກີດການລະເລີຍແລະຫຼຸດຫ່າງຈາກຫນ້າທີ່ທຳອັນແທ້
Sage Parāśara (teaching Maitreya)
This verse defines tamas as the condition of ignorance that pushes beings into unreflective activity, which then results in the omission of rightful duties (karmalopa).
Parāśara states that ignorance generates propensities toward initiating actions, and that momentum—lacking discernment—causes people to abandon or neglect prescribed dharma.
By diagnosing the guṇas and their effects, the Purāṇa implies that liberation and right order depend on rising beyond tamas through right knowledge and alignment with the higher reality upheld by Vishnu.