Shloka 29

वर्षावर्णनम्

The Monsoon Description and Rama’s Counsel on Timing

Devanagari script

धारानिपातैरभिहन्यमानाःकदम्बशाखासु विलम्बमानाः।क्षणार्जितं पुष्परसावगाढंशनैर्मदं षट्चरणास्त्यजन्ति।।

Transliteration

dhārānipātair abhihanyamānāḥ kadambaśākhāsu vilambamānāḥ | kṣaṇārjitaṃ puṣparasāvagāḍhaṃ śanair madaṃ ṣaṭcaraṇās tyajanti ||

Translation

ຖືກສາຍຝົນທີ່ຕົກລົງກະແທກຢ່າງແຮງ ແລະເກາະຫ້ອຍຢູ່ຕາມກິ່ງກະດຳພະ ຝູງເຜິ້ງ—ຜູ້ດື່ມນ້ຳຫວານດອກໄມ້ຢ່າງເຕັມອີ່ມໃນພຽງຊົ່ວພິບຕາ—ກໍຄ່ອຍໆປ່ອຍໃຫ້ຄວາມເມົາຫວານນັ້ນຈາງລົງ

Word by Word

• dhārā-nipātaiḥ: by the falling streams (of rain)
• dhārā-nipātaiḥ: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: dhārā + nipāta (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga (masc), Tṛtīyā (instr, 3rd), Bahuvacana (pl); samāsa: dhārāṇāṃ nipātaiḥ (rain-stream-falls)

• abhihanyamānāḥ: being beaten/struck
• abhihanyamānāḥ: Karta (कर्ता; of passive participle)
• Type: Verb
• Root: abhi-√han (धातु)
• Form: Vartamāna-kṛdanta (present passive participle), Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Bahuvacana; karmaṇi prayoga sense ‘being struck’

• kadamba-śākhāsu: on kadamba branches
• kadamba-śākhāsu: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kadamba + śākhā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Strīliṅga (fem), Saptamī (loc, 7th), Bahuvacana (pl); samāsa: kadambasya śākhāsu

• vilambamānāḥ: hanging
• vilambamānāḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Verb
• Root: vi-√lamb (धातु)
• Form: Vartamāna-kṛdanta (present active participle), Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Bahuvacana; ‘hanging/lingering’

• kṣaṇa-arjitam: acquired in a moment
• kṣaṇa-arjitam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: kṣaṇa + arjita (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक; √arj धातु)
• Form: Napुंसकलिङ्ग (neut), Dvitīyā (acc, 2nd), Ekavacana (sg); samāsa: kṣaṇena arjitam (acquired in a moment)

• puṣpa-rasa-avagāḍham: steeped in flower-nectar
• puṣpa-rasa-avagāḍham: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: puṣpa + rasa + avagāḍha (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक; ava-√gāh धातु)
• Form: Napुंसकलिङ्ग (neut), Dvitīyā (acc, 2nd), Ekavacana; samāsa: puṣpāṇāṃ rase avagāḍham (immersed in flower-juice/honey)

• śanaiḥ: slowly
• śanaiḥ: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: śanaiḥ (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya; adverb ‘slowly’

• madam: intoxication (honey-drunkenness)
• madam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mada (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga (masc), Dvitīyā (acc, 2nd), Ekavacana (sg)

• ṣaṭ-caraṇāḥ: bees
• ṣaṭ-caraṇāḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ṣaṭ + caraṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga (masc), Prathamā (nom, 1st), Bahuvacana (pl); bahuvrīhi: ṣaṭ caraṇāni yasya (six-footed = bee)

• tyajanti: leave/abandon
• tyajanti: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √tyaj (धातु)
• Form: Laṭ-lakāra (present), Prathama-puruṣa (3rd), Bahuvacana (pl); parasmaipada

Context

'Having sucked honey from the flower-cups filled with honey, the bees are shedding their drunkenness slowly and hanging on the branches of kadamba trees, smitten with showers.

Characters & Entities

• kadamba (tree)
• bees (ṣaṭcaraṇa)
• rain (dhārā)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

The lesson aligns with dharma as moderation: intoxication gained quickly fades slowly; one should not chase fleeting pleasures at the cost of duty, because consequences linger.

What is the narrative situation?

Monsoon showers lash the forest; Lakṣmaṇa’s observations serve as poetic commentary while Rāma waits for promised assistance.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Temperance (dama): the imagery supports the ideal of mastering impulses rather than being mastered by them.