Shloka 79

दुन्दुभिवधप्रसङ्गः

The Dundubhi Episode and the Proof of Rama’s Prowess

Devanagari script

किं तु तस्य बलज्ञोऽहं दुर्भ्रातुर्बलशालिनः।अप्रत्यक्षं तु मे वीर्यं समरे तव राघव4.11.79।।

Transliteration

kiṃ tu tasya balajño 'haṃ durbhrātur balaśālinaḥ |

apratyakṣaṃ tu me vīryaṃ samare tava rāghava || 4.11.79 ||

Translation

ແຕ່ຂ້າພະເຈົ້າຮູ້ດີເຖິງກຳລັງຂອງອ້າຍນ້ອງຜູ້ຊົ່ວນັ້ນ ຜູ້ມີພະລັງຫນັກແນ່ນ; ແຕ່ໂອ ຣາຆະວະ ວີຣະພາບແລະເດຊະໃນສະໜາມຮົບຂອງທ່ານ ຂ້າພະເຈົ້າຍັງບໍ່ເຄີຍເຫັນດ້ວຍຕາຕົນເອງ

Word by Word

• kim: but
• kim: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: kim (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्ययप्रयोगः; ‘kim tu’ इति निपात-समूहः

• tu: however
• tu: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tu (अव्यय)
• Form: विरोध/विशेषणार्थक-निपातः (particle)

• tasya: of him
• tasya: Sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचनम्

• balajñaḥ: knowing (his) strength
• balajñaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: bala + jña (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचनम्; तत्पुरुषः (balasya jñaḥ)

• aham: I
• aham: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: प्रथमा, एकवचनम्

• durbhrātuḥ: of the wicked brother
• durbhrātuḥ: Sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: dur + bhrātṛ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचनम्; तत्पुरुषः (duṣṭaḥ bhrātā)

• balaśālinaḥ: of the mighty one
• balaśālinaḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: balaśālin (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचनम्; तत्पुरुषः (balena śālī)

• apratyakṣam: not manifest/not witnessed
• apratyakṣam: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: a + pratyakṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचनम्; नञ्-पूर्वक (not evident)

• tu: indeed/however
• tu: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tu (अव्यय)
• Form: निपातः (particle)

• me: my/of me
• me: Sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचनम्

• vīryam: prowess/power
• vīryam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vīrya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचनम्

• samare: in battle
• samare: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: samara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचनम्

• tava: your/of you
• tava: Sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yusmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी, एकवचनम्

• rāghava: O Raghava (Rama)
• rāghava: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rāghava (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन, एकवचनम्

Context

'What to do? I know the strength of my mighty bad brother. But so far I have not seen your power in a battle.

Characters & Entities

• Sugriva
• Rama (Raghava)
• Vali

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Truthful speech (satya) joined with caution: Sugriva honestly admits his uncertainty rather than making blind demands, reflecting responsible judgment.

What is the narrative situation?

Sugriva explains why he hesitates: he knows Vali’s might, but has not personally seen Rama’s battle power.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Candor and realism—Sugriva speaks plainly about evidence and experience.