Shloka 10

Yuga Order, Lifespan Measures, and Traits of Beings in Bhārata-varṣa

Devanagari script

महोत्साहा महात्मानो धार्मिकाः सत्यवादिनः । प्रियदर्शा वपुष्मंतो महावीर्य्या धनुर्धराः

Transliteration

mahotsāhā mahātmāno dhārmikāḥ satyavādinaḥ | priyadarśā vapuṣmaṃto mahāvīryyā dhanurdharāḥ

Translation

ເຂົາເຈົ້າເຕັມໄປດ້ວຍຄວາມພາກພຽນອັນໃຫຍ່—ເປັນມະຫາອາດມັນ ຖືທຳ ແລະເວົ້າຄວາມຈິງ; ງາມນ່າເບິ່ງ ກາຍສົມສ່ວນ ມີວິຣະພະລັງອັນໃຫຍ່ ແລະຊ່ຽວຊານໃນສິລະປະທະນູ.

Word by Word

• महोत्साहाः: of great zeal
• महोत्साहाः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महोत्साह (प्रातिपदिक; महत्/महा + उत्साह)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; विशेषण

• महात्मानः: great-souled ones
• महात्मानः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: महात्मन् (प्रातिपदिक; महा + आत्मन्)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• धार्मिकाः: righteous
• धार्मिकाः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: धार्मिक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; विशेषण

• सत्यवादिनः: truth-speaking
• सत्यवादिनः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सत्यवादिन् (प्रातिपदिक; सत्य + वादिन्)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; विशेषण

• प्रियदर्शाः: pleasant-looking
• प्रियदर्शाः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्रियदर्श (प्रातिपदिक; प्रिय + दर्श)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; विशेषण

• वपुष्मन्तः: handsome; possessing a fine body
• वपुष्मन्तः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वपुष्मत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; विशेषण

• महावीर्याः: of great valor/power
• महावीर्याः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महावीर्य (प्रातिपदिक; महा + वीर्य)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; विशेषण

• धनुर्धराः: bow-bearers (archers)
• धनुर्धराः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: धनुर्धर (प्रातिपदिक; धनुस् + धर)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

Speaker

Narrator (context not provided in the excerpt; speaker cannot be securely identified without surrounding verses)

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: vira

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Geographic Context

Type: celestial_realm

Sandhi Resolution Notes

Sandhi Resolution Notes: वपुष्मंतो = वपुष्मन्तः (अनुस्वार-लेखनभेद); महावीर्य्या = महावीर्याः (दीर्घ/य-लेखनभेद)

FAQs

What qualities are praised in this verse?

The verse praises inner virtues (enthusiasm, nobility, righteousness, truthfulness) along with outward excellence (pleasing appearance, strong physique) and martial capability (great valor and archery skill).

Does the verse emphasize morality over strength?

Yes. The list begins with ethical and spiritual traits—dharma and truthfulness—then adds physical beauty and warrior prowess, suggesting that power is valued when grounded in virtue.

Who is being described as “dhanurdharāḥ” (bowmen)?

The verse describes a group of people as bow-bearing warriors; the specific identity (e.g., a particular army, kings, or heroes) cannot be confirmed from this single verse without its narrative context.