Shloka 45

The Greatness of the Kāliṇdī (Yamunā): Merit of Bathing, Charity, and Faith

Devanagari script

स्नातास्तत्र च ये राजन्सर्वकामफलप्रदे । शुभांश्च भुंजते भोगांश्चंद्र सूर्यग्रहोपमान्

Transliteration

snātāstatra ca ye rājansarvakāmaphalaprade | śubhāṃśca bhuṃjate bhogāṃścaṃdra sūryagrahopamān

Translation

ຂ້າແຕ່ພະຣາຊາ ຜູ້ໃດອາບນ້ຳຢູ່ທີ່ນັ້ນ—ສະຖານທີ່ອັນປະທານຜົນແຫ່ງຄວາມປາຖະໜາທັງປວງ—ຍ່ອມເສວຍສຸກອັນເປັນມົງຄຸນ ດັ່ງຄວາມສະຫວ່າງຂອງຈັນທຣາ ສຸຣິຍະ ແລະດາວເຄາະ.

Word by Word

• snātāḥ: (those) bathed
• snātāḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: √snā (धातु) + snāta (कृदन्त)
• Form: Past passive participle (क्त/ktá), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा) Plural (बहुवचन); used substantively = 'those who have bathed'

• tatra: there
• tatra: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tatra (अव्यय)
• Form: Indeclinable adverb (स्थानवाचक अव्यय)

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction/particle (समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय)

• ye: who
• ye: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Pronoun (सर्वनाम), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा) Plural (बहुवचन)

• rājan: O king
• rājan: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rājan (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Vocative (सम्बोधन/आह्वान) Singular (एकवचन)

• sarva-kāma-phala-prade: in (the place) that grants all desired fruits
• sarva-kāma-phala-prade: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sarva (प्रातिपदिक) + kāma (प्रातिपदिक) + phala (प्रातिपदिक) + prada (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Compound adjective (तत्पुरुष-समास); Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Locative (सप्तमी) Singular (एकवचन); agreeing with implied 'tīrthe/स्थाने' = 'in the giver of all desired fruits'

• śubhān: auspicious (things)
• śubhān: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śubha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया) Plural (बहुवचन)

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction/particle (समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय)

• bhuñjate: they enjoy/partake
• bhuñjate: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √bhuj (धातु)
• Form: Present tense (लट्/Laṭ), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष) Plural (बहुवचन)

• bhogān: enjoyments
• bhogān: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bhoga (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया) Plural (बहुवचन)

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction/particle (समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय)

• candra-sūrya-graha-upamān: comparable to the moon, sun, and planets
• candra-sūrya-graha-upamān: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: candra (प्रातिपदिक) + sūrya (प्रातिपदिक) + graha (प्रातिपदिक) + upamāna (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Compound adjective (तत्पुरुष-समास); Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया) Plural (बहुवचन); qualifying 'bhogān'

Speaker

Unspecified narrator addressing a king (rājan)

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: adbhuta

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Geographic Context

Type: tirtha

Sandhi Resolution Notes

Sandhi Resolution Notes: snātāḥ tatra → snātāstatra; rājan sarva-… → rājansarva…; śubhān ca → śubhāṃśca (anusvāra sandhi); bhogān candra… → bhogāṃścaṃdra… (anusvāra sandhi); candra-sūrya-graha-upamān written as caṃdra sūryagrahopamān in IAST due to sandhi/spacing.

FAQs

What does this verse teach about the power of a tīrtha-bath (snāna)?

It presents tīrtha-snāna as a merit-generating act whose result is described as “sarvakāmaphalapradā”—capable of yielding the fruits of many aims—culminating in auspicious enjoyments.

What is meant by pleasures “like the moon, sun, and planets”?

It is a poetic comparison indicating brilliance, excellence, and elevated (heavenly) quality of enjoyment, not a literal equivalence to celestial bodies.

What ethical or practical lesson is implied?

The verse encourages disciplined sacred practice—especially bathing at sanctified places—framing it as a wholesome, auspicious pursuit aligned with dharma and beneficial outcomes.