Shloka 8

Somārcana — Worship and Pacification of Soma (Moon) within Graha-Rites

Devanagari script

शितं चच्छागलं दद्यात्सूरायादित्यवासरे । भोजयेद्ब्राह्मणान्शक्त्या हव्यकव्यैर्मनोहरैः

Transliteration

śitaṃ cacchāgalaṃ dadyātsūrāyādityavāsare | bhojayedbrāhmaṇānśaktyā havyakavyairmanoharaiḥ

Translation

ໃນວັນອາທິດ (ວັນຂອງອາທິຕະຍະ) ພຶງຖວາຍແບ້ສີຂາວແດ່ພຣະສຸຣິຍະ. ແລະຕາມກຳລັງ ພຶງເລີ້ຍງພຣາຫມັນດ້ວຍເຄື່ອງຖວາຍອັນນ່າຊື່ນໃຈ—ທັງ “ຫັວຍະ” (ສຳລັບເທວະ) ແລະ “ກັວຍະ” (ສຳລັບບັນພະບຸລຸດ).

Word by Word

• śitam: white (bright)
• śitam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: śita (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napumsaka (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Dvitīyā (2nd/द्वितीया), Ekavacana (एकवचन); viśeṣaṇa of 'chāgalam'

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Samuccaya-nipāta (समुच्चय-निपात) conjunction

• chāgalam: a goat
• chāgalam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: chāgala (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Pumliṅga (पुंलिङ्ग), Dvitīyā (2nd/द्वितीया), Ekavacana (एकवचन)

• dadyāt: should give
• dadyāt: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: dā (धाातु)
• Form: Vidhi-liṅ (विधिलिङ्/optative), Prathama-puruṣa (3rd person/प्रथमपुरुष), Ekavacana (एकवचन); parasmaipada

• sūrāya: to (one who drinks) liquor / for sūrā (liquor)
• sūrāya: Sampradāna (सम्प्रदान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sūrā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Strīliṅga (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Caturthī (4th/चतुर्थी), Ekavacana (एकवचन)

• āditya-vāsare: on Sunday (day of the Sun)
• āditya-vāsare: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: āditya (प्रातिपदिक) + vāsara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Pumliṅga (पुंलिङ्ग), Saptamī (7th/सप्तमी), Ekavacana (एकवचन); ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa: ādityasya vāsaraḥ

• bhojayet: should feed
• bhojayet: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: bhuj (धातु) [causative: bhojaya-]
• Form: Vidhi-liṅ (विधिलिङ्/optative), Prathama-puruṣa (3rd person/प्रथमपुरुष), Ekavacana (एकवचन); parasmaipada; ṇijanta (णिजन्त/causative)

• brāhmaṇān: Brahmins
• brāhmaṇān: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: brāhmaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Pumliṅga (पुंलिङ्ग), Dvitīyā (2nd/द्वितीया), Bahuvacana (बहुवचन)

• śaktyā: with (one’s) ability
• śaktyā: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śakti (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Strīliṅga (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Tṛtīyā (3rd/तृतीया), Ekavacana (एकवचन); karaṇa-bhāva

• havya-kavyaiḥ: with offerings for gods and ancestors
• havya-kavyaiḥ: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: havya (प्रातिपदिक) + kavya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napumsaka (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Tṛtīyā (3rd/तृतीया), Bahuvacana (बहुवचन); itaretara-dvandva

• manoharaiḥ: pleasing, delightful
• manoharaiḥ: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: manohara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napumsaka (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Tṛtīyā (3rd/तृतीया), Bahuvacana (बहुवचन); viśeṣaṇa of 'havya-kavyaiḥ'

Speaker

Unspecified (narratorial injunction within the Adhyaya; speaker not explicit in the provided excerpt)

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Sandhi Resolution Notes

Sandhi Resolution Notes: cacchāgalam = ca + chāgalam; dadyātsūrāyādityavāsare = dadyāt + sūrāya + ādityavāsare; bhojayedbrāhmaṇānśaktyā = bhojayet + brāhmaṇān + śaktyā; havyakavyairmanoharaiḥ = havya-kavyaiḥ + manoharaiḥ.

Characters & Entities

• Sūrya (Āditya)
• Brāhmaṇas
• Pitṛs (implied via kavya)

FAQs

What practice is prescribed in this verse for Sunday (Ādityavāsara)?

It prescribes offering a white goat to Sūrya and feeding brāhmaṇas according to one’s means with pleasing ritual offerings.

What do “havya” and “kavya” mean here?

Havya refers to offerings intended for the deities, while kavya refers to offerings associated with the ancestors (pitṛs), often in śrāddha-related contexts.

What ethical principle does the verse emphasize regarding charity and ritual?

It emphasizes proportional giving—performing donation and hospitality “according to one’s capacity” (śaktyā), aligning piety with practical means.