Shloka 40

Puṣkara Sacrifice: Gāyatrī’s Marriage, Sāvitrī’s Wrath, Rudra’s Test, and the Tīrtha-Māhātmya

Devanagari script

वियत्स्थितः कौतुकेन मोहयित्वा दिवौकसः । स्नानार्थं पुष्करं याते कपर्दिनि द्विजातयः

Transliteration

viyatsthitaḥ kautukena mohayitvā divaukasaḥ | snānārthaṃ puṣkaraṃ yāte kapardini dvijātayaḥ

Translation

ຢູ່ເທິງຟ້າ ລາວໄດ້ຫຼິ້ນຢ່າງພິສົດ ເຮັດໃຫ້ເທວະທັງຫຼາຍຫຼົງງົດ; ແລະເມື່ອກະປັຣດີ (ພຣະສິວະ) ໄປພຸສກະຣະເພື່ອອາບນ້ຳສັກສິດ ພວກດວິຊະພຣາຫມັນກໍໄປດ້ວຍ

Word by Word

• viyatsthitaḥ: Standing in the sky
• viyatsthitaḥ: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: viyatsthita (वियत्स्थित)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular. (viyat = sky, sthita = standing)

• kautukena: With curiosity/playfulness
• kautukena: Karana (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kautuka (कौतुक)
• Form: Neuter, Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular

• mohayitvā: Having deluded/confused
• mohayitvā: Purvakalika Kriya (Prior Action)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: muh (मुह्)
• Form: Gerund (Ktva/क्त्वा) with Causative (Nic/णिच्)

• divaukasaḥ: The gods (sky-dwellers)
• divaukasaḥ: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: divaukas (दिवौकस्)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Plural

• snānārtham: For bathing
• snānārtham: Prayojana (Purpose)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: snānārtha (स्नानार्थ)
• Form: Adverbial usage

• puṣkaram: To Pushkara
• puṣkaram: Karma (Destination)
• Type: Noun
• Root: puṣkara (पुष्कर)
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• yāte: When he had gone
• yāte: Bhavalakshana (Temporal Marker)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: yā (या)
• Form: Past Participle (Kta), Masculine, Locative, Singular (Sati Saptami)

• kapardini: Shiva (the matted-haired one)
• kapardini: Bhavalakshana (Subject of Locative Absolute)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kapardin (कपर्दिन्)
• Form: Masculine, Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular

• dvijātayaḥ: The Brahmins (Twice-born)
• dvijātayaḥ: Karta (Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: dvijāti (द्विजाति)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Speaker

Unspecified narrator (contextual narration within the chapter)

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: adbhuta

Secondary Rasa: hasya

Geographic Context

Type: tirtha

Sandhi Resolution Notes

Sandhi Resolution Notes: yāte kapardini = Locative Absolute construction.

Characters & Entities

• Divaukasaḥ (Devas)
• Puṣkara
• Kapardī (Śiva)
• Dvijātayaḥ (Brahmins)

FAQs

What does this verse reveal about the geography of sacred Tirthas?

It highlights Puṣkara as a prominent pilgrimage center (tīrtha) associated with ritual bathing (snāna), attracting both divine and human religious participants.

How does this verse emphasize the path of Bhakti?

Indirectly, it frames tīrtha-bathing and following great deities (here, Śiva as Kapardī) as devotional acts that inspire collective religious movement and reverence for sacred places.

What is the ethical lesson from this dialogue?

The verse contrasts divine bewilderment (moha) with purposeful sacred practice (snāna at a tīrtha), implying that discipline and holy observances help counter confusion and restore spiritual focus.