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Shloka 103

Udyoga-parva Adhyāya 47 — Arjuna’s Deterrent Declaration

Sañjaya’s Report

खड्गः कोशाज्नि:सरति प्रसन्नो हित्वेव जीर्णामुरगस्त्वचं स्वाम्‌ । ध्वजे वाचो रौद्ररूपा भवन्ति कदा रथो योक्ष्यते ते किरीटिनू

sañjaya uvāca |

khaḍgaḥ kośād niḥsarati prasanno hitveva jīrṇām uragas tvacaṃ svām |

dhvaje vāco raudrarūpā bhavanti kadā ratho yokṣyate te kirīṭin ||

ສັນຊະຍະ ກ່າວວ່າ: «ດາບທີ່ສະຫວ່າງໄສ ລື່ນອອກຈາກຝັກ ສ່ອງປະກາຍ—ດັ່ງງູທີ່ຖອດໜັງເກົ່າອອກ ແລ້ວສະຫວ່າງຂຶ້ນໃໝ່. ແລະຈາກທຸງຂອງຂ້ອຍ ມີສຽງຮ້ອງອັນດຸຮ້າຍນ່າສະພຶງກົວດັງຂຶ້ນວ່າ: ‘ໂອ ກິຣີຕິນ (ອາຣຈຸນ)! ລົດຮົບຂອງເຈົ້າຈະຖືກຜູກເຂົ້າສົງຄາມເມື່ອໃດ?’»

खड्गःsword
खड्गः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootखड्ग
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कोशात्from the scabbard
कोशात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootकोश
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
निःसरतिcomes out, emerges
निःसरति:
TypeVerb
Rootनि-√सृ
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
प्रसन्नःbright/clear, gleaming
प्रसन्नः:
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रसन्न
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
हित्वाhaving abandoned
हित्वा:
TypeVerb
Root√हा
FormAbsolutive (ktvā), Active
इवas if, like
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
जीर्णाम्worn-out, old
जीर्णाम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootजीर्ण
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
उरगःsnake
उरगः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootउरग
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
त्वचम्skin (slough)
त्वचम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootत्वच्
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
स्वाम्his own
स्वाम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootस्व
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
ध्वजेon the banner/standard
ध्वजे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootध्वज
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
वाचःvoices, utterances
वाचः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवाच्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
रौद्ररूपाःof terrible form
रौद्ररूपाः:
TypeAdjective
Rootरौद्ररूप
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
भवन्तिbecome, arise
भवन्ति:
TypeVerb
Root√भू
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
कदाwhen?
कदा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकदा
रथःchariot
रथः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootरथ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
योक्ष्यतेwill be yoked/harnessed
योक्ष्यते:
TypeVerb
Root√युज्
FormFuture (simple future), Third, Singular, Atmanepada, Passive/impersonal sense
तेfor you / to you
ते:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormSecond, Dative, Singular
किरीटिन्O crowned one (Arjuna)
किरीटिन्:
TypeNoun
Rootकिरीटिन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
A
Arjuna (Kirīṭin)
S
sword (khaḍga)
S
scabbard (kośa)
S
serpent (uraga)
B
banner/standard (dhvaja)
C
chariot (ratha)

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores the moral gravity and inevitability felt before war: signs and symbols (weapon, banner) seem to compel action, reflecting how unresolved adharma and failed diplomacy can drive society toward violent duty-bound confrontation.

Sañjaya reports ominous, warlike portents: a sword gleams as it is drawn, likened to a snake shedding its skin, and fierce cries seem to issue from the banner, calling on Arjuna (Kirīṭin) to yoke his chariot for battle.