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Shloka 66

Ārjava, Satya, and the Virocana–Sudhanvan Exemplum

Udyoga-parva 35

अवध्या ब्राह्मणा गावो ज्ञातय: शिशव: स्त्रिय: । येषां चान्नानि भुज्जीत ये च स्यु: शरणागता:,ब्राह्मण, गौ, कुटुम्बी, बालक, स्त्री, अन्नदाता और शरणागत-ये अवध्य होते हैं

avadhyā brāhmaṇā gāvo jñātayaḥ śiśavaḥ striyaḥ | yeṣāṃ cānnāni bhujjīta ye ca syuḥ śaraṇāgatāḥ ||

ວິດູຣະປະກາດວ່າ: ບາງພວກບໍ່ຄວນຖືກທຳຮ້າຍເດັດຂາດ—ພຣາຫມັນ, ງົວ, ຍາດພີ່ນ້ອງຂອງຕົນ, ເດັກນ້ອຍ, ແລະແມ່ຍິງ. ອີກທັງ ຜູ້ທີ່ໃຫ້ອາຫານແລະການຫຼ້ຽງຊີບແກ່ເຮົາ ແລະຜູ້ທີ່ມາຂໍພຶ່ງພາ (ຜູ້ຂໍລີ້ໄພ) ທັງປວງ ກໍຕ້ອງຖືກນັບວ່າ “ຫ້າມທຳຮ້າຍ”. ໃນກອບຄິດຂອງ Udyoga Parva ທີ່ກຳລັງຊັ່ງນ້ຳໜັກເລື່ອງສົງຄາມ ບົດນີ້ວາງເສັ້ນແດນຂອງທຳມະຢ່າງຊັດເຈນ: ຄວາມກະຕັນຍູ, ການປົກປ້ອງຜູ້ອ່ອນແອ, ແລະໜ້າທີ່ໃຫ້ທີ່ພຶ່ງແກ່ຜູ້ມາຂໍອາໄສ ແມ່ນຂໍ້ຫ້າມທີ່ບໍ່ອາດລະເລີຍໄດ້ ແມ່ນແຕ່ຢູ່ທ່າມກາງຄວາມຂັດແຍ່ງທາງອຳນາດ.

अवध्याःnot to be slain; inviolable
अवध्याः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअवध्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
ब्राह्मणाःBrahmins
ब्राह्मणाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्मण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
गावःcows
गावः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootगो
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
ज्ञातयःkinsmen; relatives
ज्ञातयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootज्ञाति
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
शिशवःchildren; infants
शिशवः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशिशु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
स्त्रियःwomen
स्त्रियः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootस्त्री
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
येषाम्of whom; whose
येषाम्:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अन्नानिfoods; meals
अन्नानि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअन्न
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
भुञ्जीतshould eat; may partake
भुञ्जीत:
TypeVerb
Rootभुज्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
येthose who
ये:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
स्युःshould be; may be
स्युः:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
शरणागताःthose who have sought refuge; refugees
शरणागताः:
Karta
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootशरणागत
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

विदुर उवाच

V
Vidura
B
Brahmins
C
cows
K
kinsmen
C
children
W
women
F
food/givers of food
R
refuge-seekers (śaraṇāgata)

Educational Q&A

Vidura teaches that dharma places firm limits on violence: Brahmins, cows, relatives, children, women, benefactors who provide one’s food, and anyone who seeks refuge are to be regarded as inviolable. The verse emphasizes gratitude and the sacred duty of protection, especially toward the vulnerable and the surrendered.

In Udyoga Parva, as tensions escalate toward the Kurukṣetra war, Vidura offers moral counsel (nīti) to restrain adharma. This verse functions as a normative reminder: even in political crisis, one must not cross certain ethical boundaries, particularly regarding dependents, benefactors, and those who surrender or seek shelter.