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Shloka 19

अध्याय ७२ — राजधर्मः: प्रजारक्षण, कर-नीति, दण्ड-नीति, अमात्य-नियोजन

Chapter 72 — Royal Duty: protection of subjects, taxation, punishment, and appointments

दोग्ध्री धान्यं हिरण्यं च मही राज्ञा सुरक्षिता । नित्य॑ स्वेभ्य: परेभ्यश्न तृप्ता माता यथा पय:,जैसे माता स्वयं तृप्त रहनेपर ही बालकको यशथेष्ट दूध पिलाती है, उसी प्रकार राजासे सुरक्षित होनेपर ही यह दुधारू गायके समान पृथ्वी राजाके स्वजनों तथा दूसरे लोगोंको सदा अन्न एवं सुवर्ण देती है

dogdhrī dhānyaṃ hiraṇyaṃ ca mahī rājñā surakṣitā | nityaṃ svebhyaḥ parebhyaś ca tṛptā mātā yathā payaḥ ||

ພີສະມະກ່າວວ່າ: ເມື່ອກະສັດປົກປ້ອງແຜ່ນດິນຢ່າງຖືກທຳນອງ ແຜ່ນດິນນັ້ນ—ດັ່ງງົວໃຫ້ນ້ຳນົມ—ຈະໃຫ້ທັງເຂົ້າກິນແລະຄຳທອງຢ່າງຕໍ່ເນື່ອງ. ເຫມືອນແມ່ຜູ້ອິ່ມໃຈແລ້ວຈຶ່ງໃຫ້ນ້ຳນົມແກ່ລູກຕາມປາຖະນາ, ແຜ່ນດິນທີ່ຖືກຄຸ້ມຄອງດີກໍຈະຫຼຽວລ້ຽງແລະມອບຄວາມຮັ່ງມີໃຫ້ທັງປະຊາຂອງກະສັດແລະຜູ້ອື່ນໆ.

दोग्ध्रीthe milch-cow (milker/giver of milk)
दोग्ध्री:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदोग्ध्री (दुह्-धातोः कर्तृवाचक-स्त्रीप्रत्ययान्तः)
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
धान्यम्grain, food
धान्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधान्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
हिरण्यम्gold
हिरण्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootहिरण्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
महीthe earth
मही:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमही
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
राज्ञाby the king
राज्ञा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
सुरक्षिताwell-protected
सुरक्षिता:
TypeAdjective
Rootसु-रक्षित (रक्ष् धातोः क्त-प्रत्ययान्तः)
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
नित्यम्always
नित्यम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनित्य
स्वेभ्यःto her own (people)
स्वेभ्यः:
Sampradana
TypePronoun/Adjective
Rootस्व
FormMasculine/Neuter, Dative, Plural
परेभ्यःto others (outsiders)
परेभ्यः:
Sampradana
TypeAdjective
Rootपर
FormMasculine/Neuter, Dative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अन्नम्food, grain
अन्नम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअन्न
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
तृप्ताsatiated, satisfied
तृप्ता:
TypeAdjective
Rootतृप्त (तृप् धातोः क्त-प्रत्ययान्तः)
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
माताmother
माता:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमातृ
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
यथाas, just as
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
पयःmilk
पयः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपयस्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
ददातिgives
ददाति:
TypeVerb
Rootदा (दाने)
FormPresent (Lat), 3rd, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
T
the king (rājā)
T
the earth/land (mahī)
M
mother (mātā)
M
milk (payaḥ)
G
grain (dhānya)
G
gold (hiraṇya)

Educational Q&A

Prosperity is not accidental: when a ruler protects and governs the land rightly, the earth becomes productive and yields food and wealth for all. Protection (surakṣā) is presented as the ethical condition for abundance.

In the Śānti Parva’s instruction on rājadharma, Bhīṣma advises the king by using a domestic analogy: like a satisfied mother who can freely nourish her child with milk, the earth—when safeguarded by the king—continuously provides grain and gold to the king’s people and even to others.