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Shloka 32

Daṇḍanīti and the King as the Cause of Yuga-Order (दण्डनीतिः राजधर्मश्च युगकारणत्वम्)

एते गुणा: समस्ता: स्युर्न॒पस्य सततं स्थिरा: । व्यवहारलोपे नृपते: कुतः स्वर्ग: कुतो यश:,ये सारे गुण राजामें सदा स्थिरभावसे रहने चाहिये। यदि राजाका न्यायोचित व्यवहार ही लुप्त हो गया, तो उसे कैसे स्वर्ग प्राप्त हो सकता है और कैसे यश?

ete guṇāḥ samastāḥ syur nṛpasya satataṃ sthirāḥ | vyavahāralope nṛpateḥ kutaḥ svargaḥ kuto yaśaḥ ||

ພີດສະມະກ່າວວ່າ: «ຄຸນທຳເຫຼົ່ານີ້ທັງໝົດ ຄວນຈະຕັ້ງຢູ່ໃນພະຣາຊາຢ່າງໝັ້ນຄົງ ແລະຕໍ່ເນື່ອງ. ຖ້າການປົກຄອງອັນຊອບທຳ ແລະການປະພຶດຕົນຕໍ່ປະຊາຊົນອັນຖືກທຳນອງ ຂອງກະສັດພັງທະລາຍໄປແລ້ວ, ຈະໄດ້ສະຫວັນຈາກໃສ? ແລະຈະໄດ້ຊື່ສຽງຈາກໃສ?»

एतेthese
एते:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
गुणाःqualities/virtues
गुणाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootगुण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
समस्ताःall together, complete
समस्ताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसमस्त
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
स्युःshould be / may be
स्युः:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
नृपस्यof the king
नृपस्य:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootनृप
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
सततम्always, continually
सततम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसतत
स्थिराःsteady, firm
स्थिराः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootस्थिर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
व्यवहारलोपेwhen (there is) loss of proper conduct/judicial practice
व्यवहारलोपे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootव्यवहारलोप
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
नृपतेःof the king
नृपतेः:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootनृपति
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
कुतःwhence? how (could there be)?
कुतः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकुतस्
स्वर्गःheaven
स्वर्गः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootस्वर्ग
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कुतःwhence? how (could there be)?
कुतः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकुतस्
यशःfame, glory
यशः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयशस्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
N
nṛpa (king)
N
nṛpati (ruler)

Educational Q&A

A king’s virtues must be stable and continuous, especially in matters of public conduct and justice; without righteous administration (vyavahāra), neither spiritual merit (svarga) nor lasting reputation (yaśas) is possible.

In the Śānti Parva’s instruction on rājadharma, Bhīṣma is advising the king (Yudhiṣṭhira) that royal excellence is proven through consistent, just governance; if proper judicial and administrative practice collapses, the ruler forfeits both moral reward and public honor.