Shloka 34

Devanagari script

यजन्ते च महायज्ैस्त्रयो वर्णा: पृथग्विधै: । युक्ताश्नाधीयते विद्यां यदा रक्षति भूमिप:,जब राजा रक्षा करता है, तब तीनों वर्णोंके लोग नाना प्रकारके बड़े-बड़े यज्ञोंका अनुष्ठान करते हैं और मनोयोगपूर्वक विद्याध्ययनमें लगे रहते हैं

Transliteration

yajante ca mahāyajñais trayo varṇāḥ pṛthagvidhaiḥ | yuktāś cādhīyate vidyāṃ yadā rakṣati bhūmipaḥ ||

Translation

ວະສຸມານາ ກ່າວວ່າ: ເມື່ອກະສັດປົກປ້ອງອານາຈັກ ຜູ້ຄົນໃນສາມວັນນະຍ່ອມປະກອບມະຫາຍັດຫຼາຍປະເພດ ແລະດ້ວຍຄວາມມີວິໄນກໍມຸ່ງໝັ້ນສຶກສາວິຊາຄວາມຮູ້. ຄຳກະວີນີ້ຊີ້ວ່າ ການຄຸ້ມຄອງຂອງກະສັດແມ່ນເງື່ອນໄຂທີ່ເຮັດໃຫ້ພິທີກຳທາງສາສະໜາ ແລະການສຶກສາຂອງປະຊາຊົນ ເຈີຣິນໃນສັງຄົມທີ່ມີລະບຽບ.

Word by Word

यजन्तेthey perform sacrifice / worship

चand

महायज्ञैःwith great sacrifices

त्रयःthree

वर्णाःsocial classes (varnas)

पृथक्separately / distinctly

विधैःby methods / kinds

युक्ताःengaged / devoted

अधीयतेis studied / one studies

विद्याम्knowledge / learning

यदाwhen

रक्षतिprotects

भूमिपःking (protector of the land)

Speaker

वसुमना उवाच

Characters & Entities

व

वसुमना (Vasumanā)

भ

भूप (king)

Character Dynamics

Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)

War Context

Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)

Philosophical Teaching

Political Layer

Geographic Context

Meter (Chandas)

Sandhi Notes

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse teaches that effective royal protection (rakṣā) is foundational for dharmic life: it enables society to sustain major sacrificial duties and to pursue disciplined learning. Good governance is presented as the enabling condition for religious practice and education.

What is happening in the narrative?

Vasumanā is describing the social effects of a righteous king’s rule: when the ruler safeguards the kingdom, the three varṇas can peacefully undertake diverse great sacrifices and apply themselves to the study of vidyā, indicating stability, prosperity, and moral order.