Shloka 140
Atithi-satkāra and the Consolation of Wise Counsel (अतिथिसत्कारः प्रज्ञानवचनस्य च पराश्वासनम्)
त॑ विद्धि रुद्रं कौन्तेय देवदेवं कपर्दिनम् । काल: स एव कथित: क्रोधजेति मया तव
taṁ viddhi rudraṁ kaunteya devadevaṁ kapardinam | kālaḥ sa eva kathitaḥ krodhajeti mayā tava ||
ຈົ່ງຮູ້ໄວ້ເຖີດ, ໂອ ບຸດແຫ່ງກຸນຕີ, ວ່າຜູ້ນັ້ນແມ່ນ ຣຸດຣະ—ເທວະເທວະ, ອົງຜູ້ມີຜົມມັດເປັນຈຸກ. ອົງນັ້ນເອງຍັງຖືກເອີ້ນວ່າ ກາລະ (ເວລາ/ຄວາມຕາຍ) ແລະ “ຜູ້ເກີດຈາກຄວາມໂກດ”—ນີ້ແມ່ນສິ່ງທີ່ຂ້າພະເຈົ້າໄດ້ກ່າວແຈ້ງແກ່ເຈົ້າ.
अर्जुन उवाच
Educational Q&A
The verse teaches the unity of divine power behind different names: Rudra (Śiva) is also Kāla (Time/Death) and is described as arising from wrath. It frames fearsome forces—anger, destruction, mortality—as aspects of a single cosmic lord, not random cruelty, thereby situating ethical reflection within a larger order.
Arjuna addresses a listener (implicitly within the Shānti-parvan’s didactic setting) and identifies the deity being discussed: he declares that the one in question should be understood as Rudra/Śiva, also called Kāla and ‘born of wrath.’ The speech functions as theological clarification through epithets.