Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 8

Śuka–Janaka Saṃvāda: Āśrama-krama, Jñāna-vijñāna, and the Marks of Liberation (शुक-जनक संवादः)

जिह्दामध्यात्ममित्याहुर्यथा श्रुतिनिदर्शिन: । रस एवाधिभूतं तु आपस्तत्राधिदेवतम्‌,वेदके अनुसार दृष्टि रखनेवाले विद्वानोंका कथन है कि जिह्ठा अध्यात्म है, रस अधिभूत है और जल अधिदैवत है

jihvām adhyātmam ity āhur yathā śruti-nidarśinaḥ | rasa evādhibhūtaṃ tu āpas tatrādhidaivatam ||

ຍາຊະນະວັນກະຍະ ກ່າວວ່າ: «ຜູ້ອະທິບາຍຕາມການເປີດເຜີຍແຫ່ງເວດາ ປະກາດວ່າ ລີ້ນ ແມ່ນປັດໃຈພາຍໃນ (adhyātma); ລົດຊາດ (rasa) ແມ່ນປັດໃຈອະທິພູຕະ (adhibhūta); ແລະ ນ້ໍາ ແມ່ນອະທິໄດວະຕະ (adhidaivata) ຜູ້ຄຸ້ມຄອງຢູ່ນັ້ນ. ດັ່ງນັ້ນ ແມ່ນແຕ່ປະສົບການທາງປະສາດທົ່ວໄປກໍຄວນເຂົ້າໃຈຜ່ານສາມປະການແຫ່ງເວດາ—ຕົນ, ໂລກ, ແລະເທວະ—ເພື່ອໃຫ້ການຮັບຮູ້ຖືກຝຶກຝົນໂດຍຄວາມຮູ້ທີ່ຖືກຕ້ອງ.»

जिह्वाtongue
जिह्वा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootजिह्वा
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
अध्यात्मम्the inner/self-related (adhyātma principle)
अध्यात्मम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअध्यात्म
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
इतिthus
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
आहुःthey say
आहुः:
TypeVerb
Rootअह्
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
यथाas/according to
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
श्रुति-निदर्शिनःthose who point to/are guided by the śruti
श्रुति-निदर्शिनः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootश्रुति-निदर्शिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
रसःtaste/essence (sap)
रसः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootरस
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
एवindeed/only
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
अधिभूतम्the adhibhūta (elemental/outer principle)
अधिभूतम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअधिभूत
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
तुbut/and
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
आपःwaters
आपः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअप्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
तत्रthere/in that context
तत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र
अधिदेवतम्the adhidevatā (presiding deity principle)
अधिदेवतम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअधिदेवत
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular

याज़्वल्क्य उवाच

Y
Yājñavalkya
J
jihvā (tongue)
R
rasa (taste)
Ā
āpaḥ (water)
Ś
śruti (Vedic revelation)

Educational Q&A

Sense-experience should be understood through a threefold Vedic framework: the inner faculty (adhyātma: tongue), the external object (adhibhūta: taste), and the presiding divine principle (adhidaivata: water). This integrates psychology, cosmology, and theology into disciplined knowledge.

In Śānti Parva’s instruction on higher knowledge, Yājñavalkya is explaining correspondences used by śruti-based teachers, mapping a sense-organ and its object to an elemental/deity principle to guide contemplation and right understanding.