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Shloka 33

Utkramaṇa-sthāna and Ariṣṭa-lakṣaṇa: Yājñavalkya’s Instruction on Departure Pathways and Mortality Signs

प्रकृतेश्व गुणानां च पठचविंशतिकं बुधा: । सांख्ययोगे च कुशला बुध्यन्ते परमैषिण:

prakṛteś ca guṇānāṁ ca pañcaviṁśatikaṁ budhāḥ | sāṅkhyayoge ca kuśalā budhyante paramaiṣiṇaḥ ||

ວາສິດຖະ ກ່າວວ່າ: ບັນດິດຜູ້ແສວງຫາຄວາມຈິງສູງສຸດ ຜູ້ຊໍານານໃນສາງຄະຍະ ແລະໂຍຄະ ເຂົ້າໃຈວ່າ ອາດຕະສູງສຸດແມ່ນຫຼັກການທີ 25—ແຍກອອກຈາກປຣະກຣິຕິ ແລະຄຸນຂອງນາງ. ເມື່ອລະທິ້ງປັດໃຈອັນເຉື່ອນໄຫວບໍ່ໄດ້ເຊັ່ນ ອະຫັງກາຣ ແລ້ວ, ສິ່ງທີ່ເຫຼືອໃຫ້ຮູ້ແຈ້ງຄື ຄວາມຮູ້ສຶກຮູ້ຕົນເອງນັ້ນແທ້; ຊຶ່ງຖືກເວົ້າວ່າ ບໍ່ເຫັນ ແລະບໍ່ປາກົດ, ເປັນພຣະເຈົ້າຜູ້ມີຄຸນລັກສະນະ ແລະຜູ້ຢູ່ເຫນືອຄຸນລັກສະນະ, ເປັນນິລັນດອນ ແລະເປັນຜູ້ຄອງຄຸມພາຍໃນ. ດັ່ງນັ້ນ ຜູ້ຮູ້ຈຶ່ງປະກາດວ່າ ອາດຕະຢູ່ເຫນືອອົງປະກອບ 24 ປະການຂອງທໍາມະຊາດ.

प्रकृतेःof Prakriti (nature)
प्रकृतेः:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootप्रकृति
FormFeminine, Genitive, Singular
गुणानाम्of the qualities (gunas)
गुणानाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootगुण
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
पञ्चविंशतिकम्the twenty-fifth (principle)
पञ्चविंशतिकम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपञ्चविंशतिक
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
बुधाःthe wise (men)
बुधाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootबुध
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
सांख्ययोगेin Sāṅkhya and Yoga
सांख्ययोगे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसांख्ययोग
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
कुशलाःskilled, proficient
कुशलाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootकुशल
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
बुध्यन्तेunderstand, realize
बुध्यन्ते:
TypeVerb
Rootबुध्
FormPresent, Atmanepada, Third, Plural
परमैषिणःseekers of the supreme (truth)
परमैषिणः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपरम-एषिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

वसिष्ठ उवाच

V
Vasiṣṭha
P
Prakṛti
G
Guṇas
S
Sāṅkhya
Y
Yoga
P
Paramātman (implied)

Educational Q&A

The verse teaches that beyond Prakṛti and its guṇas (the twenty-four material principles) there is a distinct, conscious reality—the Supreme Self—recognized by Sāṅkhya-Yoga experts as the twenty-fifth principle, the inner ruler and eternal ground of experience.

In the Śānti Parva’s instruction on liberation, Vasiṣṭha explains to his listener(s) a Sāṅkhya-Yoga classification: sages identify the Supreme Self as transcending the constituents of nature, known when ego and other inert factors are negated.