Shloka 423

अव्यक्त-गुण-पुरुषविवेकः | Avyakta, Guṇas, and Discrimination of Puruṣa

Devanagari script

तेन देवमनुष्येषु निरये चोपपद्यते । इसी तरह बारी-बारीसे वह जीव मानव-योनिसे नरकमें (और नरकसे मानवयोनिमें) आता-जाता रहता है। आत्मासे भिन्न तथा आत्माके गुण चैतन्य आदिसे युक्त जो इन्द्रियोंका समुदाय शरीरमें ऐसी भावना रखता है कि “यह मैं हूँ” वही देवलोक

Transliteration

tena deva-manuṣyeṣu niraye copapadyate |

Translation

ວະສິດຖະ ກ່າວວ່າ: ໂດຍການເຂົ້າໃຈຜິດນັ້ນ ສັດຜູ້ມີກາຍຈຶ່ງເກີດໃນໝູ່ເທວະ ແລະ ໃນໝູ່ມະນຸດ ທັງຍັງຕົກລົງສູ່ນະລົກອີກດ້ວຍ. ດັ່ງນັ້ນມັນຈຶ່ງພາກພຽນວຽນວົນຊ້ຳໆ—ຈາກການເກີດເປັນມະນຸດໄປສູ່ນະລົກ ແລະກັບຄືນອີກ—ເພາະມັນເອົາກຸ່ມອິນທຣີຍະທີ່ສະຖິດໃນກາຍ ອັນແຕກຕ່າງຈາກອາດຕະມັນ ມາເປັນ “ຂ້ອຍ”.

Word by Word

• तेन: by that; thereby
• तेन: Karana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular

• देवमनुष्येषु: among gods and humans
• देवमनुष्येषु: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव + मनुष्य
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Plural

• निरये: in hell
• निरये: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: निरय
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• उपपद्यते: is born/comes to be; attains (a state)
• Type: Verb
• Root: उप√पद्
• Form: Present, Atmanepada, Third, Singular

Speaker

वसिष्ठ उवाच

Characters & Entities

• वसिष्ठ (Vasiṣṭha)
• देवलोक (realm of the gods)
• मनुष्यलोक (human realm)
• नरक/निरय (hell)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Misidentifying the Self with the body and senses (the ‘I am this’ notion) becomes the cause of repeated transmigration, leading to births in higher and lower realms—including heaven, human life, and hell.

What is happening in the narrative?

Vasiṣṭha is explaining the mechanism of saṃsāra: due to egoic identification with the sensory aggregate in the body, the jīva repeatedly attains different states of existence, cycling through various realms.