Shloka 17
जनक–पराशर संवादः — वर्ण-गोत्र-धर्मविचारः
Janaka–Parāśara: Varṇa, Gotra, and Dharma Inquiry
चक्षुरालोचनायैव संशयं कुरुते मन: । बुद्धिरध्यवसानाय साक्षी क्षेत्रज्ञ उच्यते । तमः सत्त्वं रजश्नलेति काल: कर्म च भारत
cakṣur ālocanāyaiva saṁśayaṁ kurute manaḥ | buddhir adhyavasānāya sākṣī kṣetrajña ucyate | tamaḥ sattvaṁ rajaś ceti kālaḥ karma ca bhārata
ພີສະມະກ່າວວ່າ: «ຕາມີໜ້າທີ່ພຽງແຕ່ເບິ່ງ; ມະນະ (manas) ຕ່າງຫາກທີ່ກໍ່ໃຫ້ເກີດຄວາມສົງໄສ. ພຸດທິ (buddhi) ມີໄວ້ເພື່ອການຕັດສິນໃຈຢ່າງແນ່ນອນ, ແລະຕົນຜູ້ເປັນພະຍານ ເອີ້ນວ່າ “ຜູ້ຮູ້ແຫ່ງສະໜາມ” (kṣetrajña). ຕະມະສະ, ສັດຕະວະ, ແລະຣາຊະສະ—ນີ້ແມ່ນຄຸນສາມ; ແລະ ໂອ ພາຣະຕະ, ກາລະ ແລະ ກັມມະ ກໍຄອບງຳສັດຜູ້ມີກາຍດ້ວຍ».
भीष्म उवाच
Educational Q&A
Bhishma distinguishes inner faculties: the senses merely perceive, the mind doubts, the intellect decides, and the kṣetrajña (witnessing Self) observes. He then frames experience through the guṇas (tamas, sattva, rajas) and reminds that time and action shape embodied life.
In the Śānti Parva’s instruction to Yudhiṣṭhira, Bhishma continues his discourse on inner discipline and right understanding, explaining how perception, doubt, decision, and witnessing consciousness function, and how guṇas, time, and karma condition human conduct and moral responsibility.